Use of Additional Reductant

Apart from the extensively studied opportunity to reduce metal ions in pre-polymer-ized suspensions or layers by involving the reducing capacities of the polymers themselves, the possibility to use additional reductants has been also explored in few 

Finally, the possibility of involving y-irradiation in reduction of Fe and Pd ions was demonstrated for the preparation of nanocopmposite materials containing sulfonated PANI, multiwall carbon nanotubes, and Fe, Pd, or Fe-Pd alloy NPs [265]. Recently, UV-induced photoreduction was used for the formation of Pt particle-modified PANI and TiOa-PANI composite layers [266]. This turned out to be an effective approach for achieving a homogeneous distribution of small enough metal particles on the CP surface. 

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