Urinary exstrophy

The urinary bladder can be visualized on prenatal ultrasound scans after 14-weeks of gestation (Ben-Chaim et al. 1996). Therefore, in the absence of the urinary bladder on prenatal ultrasound scans or if any of the other above-mentioned symptoms are present, the diagnosis of bladder exstrophy should be raised. 

Bladder exstrophy is an underdiagnosed condition on prenatal ultrasound scans. Absence of the urinary bladder is th e hallmark of bladder exstrophy on those scans. 

In patients with bladder exstrophy, associated anomalies of the upper urinary tract are infrequent (Currarino et al. 1993). After surgical correction VUR will be present in almost all cases of bladder exstrophy (Ben-Chaim et al. 1996). Figure 9.5 depicts the features of bladder exstrophy in a newborn boy. 

Perren P, Erey P (1998) The exstrophy-epispadias complex in the duplicated lower urinary tract. J Urol 159 1681-1683 Riccabona M (2007) (Paediatric) magnetic resonance urography just fancy images or a new important diagnostic tool Curr Opin Urol 17 48-55 Sahoo SP, Gangopadhyay AN, Sinha CK et al (1997) Covered exstrophy a rare variant of classical bladder exstrophy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 31 103-106 Smith NM, Chambers HM, Purness ME et al (1992) The OEIS complex (omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate... 

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