Uranyl acetate, negative staining

Figure 10.2-1. Electron microscopy to image gene transfer structures. In this example, the authors have imaged the gene transfer structure they developed (human papillomavirus-like particles) after uranyl acetate negative staining. Reprinted from Ref. 7, with permission from Oxford Journals.

Figure 6.13 Electron micrograph of human spleen ferritin viewed at a magnification of x 170 000 after negative staining with uranyl acetate. Both the darkly coloured iron-rich cores and the clear-coloured protein shells are clearly visible. (From Crichton, 1991.)...

Fig. 19 TEM image of toroidal micelles from a PAA-PMA-PS triblock copolymer (A). This sample was cast from a solution with 0.1 wt% PAA99-PMA73-PS66 triblock copolymer, a THF water volume ratio of 1 2, and an amine acid molar ratio of 0.5 1 by addition of 2,2-(ethylenedioxy)diethylamine. The cast film was negatively stained with uranyl acetate. A schematical representation of theses micelles is also shown (B). Reprinted with permission from [279], Copyright (2004) American Association for the Advancement of Science...

TEM has been used to determine the shape and particle size of nanoparticles [27, 33]. Samples are prepared by placing a drop of preparation on copper grids, followed by negative staining with an aqueous solution of sodium phosphotungstate, phosphotungstic acid, or uranyl acetate [27, 163, 164]. Freeze fracturing with TEM has been... 

Figure 7. This microfibril was treated with hot trifluoroacetic acid to remove hemicellulose and was then negatively stained with 2% uranyl acetate in Figure 7a. The optical diffraction pattern in Figure 7b was only of the upper microfibril showing the 33A spacing. In Figure 7b the submicrofibrils cross the TEM microfibril axis at a 45° 5° angle. (7a reproduced with permission from Ref. 1. 1987 Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.)...

Fig. 57a. A typical multilayered cloth made cf potassium tartaric amide 31b at pH 5. Its observed physical shape is fortuitous. (Negative stain, uranyl acetate 1%). b Freeze-etching erf a similar multilayer made of the sodium salt 31a. At higher magnification (below), the bilayer profiles become visible (Pt/C shadowed), c Fiber pattern of 31a. (Negative stain, uranyl acetate 1%). d Digitized area of the fiber bundle taken from (c). e Fourier transform of the input image from (d), as obtained by calculating the reciprocal space frequencies (x-y exchanged). Two intense spots yield a periodical pattern of 38.78 A [376]...

Figure 1.1 Schematic representation of self-assembly of partially hydrolysed a-lactalbumin into nanotubes in the presence of Ca2+. The image at the extreme right show s an electron micrograph of the nanotubes (75 mM Tris buffer, pH = 7.5, 2 mole Ca2+ per mole a-lactalbumin prepared by negative staining with 3% uranyl acetate for 1 min). Reproduced from Graveland-Bikker and de Kruif (2006) with permission.

Fig. 2. Electron micrographs of negatively stained preparations of E. coli pyrophosphatase. (a and b) Particles stained with sodium silicotungstate (4 g/100 ml, pH 7) the particles in (b) were first fixed in glutaraldehyde (05 g/100 ml). (c) Non-fixed particles stained with uranyl acetate (2 g/100 ml, pH 4).

Swollen fibers of chromatin from the nucleus of the chicken red blood cell. The electron micrograph is enlarged about 325,000x and negatively stained with uranyl acetate. (Micrograph courtesy of A. L. Olins and D. E. Olins.)... 

Figure 3. Electron micrograph of cellulose from beechwood, boiled with 95% TFA for 8 hr. Negative staining with uranyl acetate.

Fig. 24. Electronmicrograph of crystals formed from 2 molar CaClj extracts o( Mercenaria mercenaria following removal of salt. Negatively stained with Kf uranyl acetate (x 50000). A characteristic staining pattern is developed with well-defined periodicities. This material represents the MM. The crystals and staining pattern closely resemble tropomyosin-troponin paracrys-tals,93>...

Figure 9.2 Transmission electron micrograph of Cowpea mosaic virus particles negatively stained with uranyl acetate. The scale bar is lOOnm.

Fig. 3.47 depicts the disjoining pressure vs. thickness isotherm of microscopic foam films obtained from DMPC vesicle suspension. The vesicles were examined by electron microscopy after negative staining with 1% uranyl acetate solution as previously described [288]. More than 95% of the vesicles were of diameters between 15 and 35 nm. 

Figure 12 TEM micrographs of Au nanoparticle synthesis mediated hy an HRE peptide integrated heat shock protein (Hsp 60) from Sulfolobus shibatae. (a) TEM of Au /(HRE)-Hsp complex prepared from addition of AuCLt , reduced hy citrate, and negatively stained hy uranyl acetate, (b) TEM of An /(HRE)-Hsp prepared from insoluble An precursor of AuClP(CH3)3 and reduced by borohydride (unstained)...

Fig. 7. Negative-stained images of monoclonal antibodies binding to apoBlOO on LDL. (A) An equimolar mixture of LDL and each of two anti-apoBlOO monoclonal antibodies, MB47 and MB 19, were adsorbed to the carbon-coated grid, stained with 1% uranyl acetate, and examined in the electron microscope. The insert shows both open (o) and closed (c) complexes. Bar = 0.1 p.m. (B) Complexes formed between LDL and monoclonal antibodies MB47 and MB24. (From Chatterton etal., 1991.)...

Electron micrographs are taken on a Zeiss EM IOC apparatus. Copper grids (3.05 mm diameter 200 mesh Type G200-Cu) were from EMS (Aurion, Wageningen, The Netherlands). Uranyl acetate (UCB, Belgium) is used as a negative stain. 

Fig. 7 TEM image of aggregates of PAELi-fc-PLPheg negatively stained with uranyl acetate specimen was prepared by deposition of a drop of a 0.2 wt % polymer solution on a carbon-coated copper grid, drawing-off the solution with filter paper, and subsequent drying in vacuo. Reprinted with permission from [42], copyright (1997) Hiithig Wepf...

Figure 17. The vitelline envelope receptor for lysin (VERL) is a giant glycoprotein. (Left panel), electrophoresis of VERL on 2.5% acrylamide gels (silver staining) shows it resolves as two sharp bands between titin (2,800K) and nebulin (770K), Lane 1, rabbit muscle extract myosin (205) lanes 2-6, different loads of pink abalone VERL resolved into two components. (Right panel), electron micrography of VERL molecules negatively stained with uranyl acetate. The VERL fibers are 13 nm in diameter (from Swanson and Vacquier, 1997).

When negatively stained by uranyl acetate for electron microscopy, F-actin appears as twisted strings of beads whose diameter varies between 7 and 9 nm (Figure 19-3b). From the results of x-ray diffraction studies of actin filaments and the actin monomer structure shown in Figure... 

Figure 1.5.12 Typical electron micrograph of a bilayer vesicle membrane negatively stained with uranyl acetate (black regions). The white membrane corresponds to the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. Its width is about 40 A.

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