University of Heidelberg

In 1908, while working at University of Heidelberg, Auwers and Muller described the transformation of 4-methyl-2-cumaranone (3) to flavanol 6. Thus aldol condensation of 3 with benzaldehyde gave benzylidene derivative 4, which was brominated to give dibromide 5. Subsequent treatment of 5 with alcoholic KOH then furnished 2-methylflavonol 6. In the following years, Auwers published more extensively on the scope and limitations of this reaction. ... 

Traugott Sandmeyer (1854-1922) was born in Wettingen. Switzerland, and received his Ph.D. at the University of Heidelberg. He spent his professional career doing pharmaceutical research at the Geigy Company in Basel,... 

Hellmut G. Augustin Joint Research Division Vascular Biology of the Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Mannheim and Heidelberg, Germany... 

Institute for Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany... 

University of Heidelberg, and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)... 

Stefan Offermanns Institute of Pharmacology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany... 

Department of Virology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120... 

Olefination Reactions Involving Phosphonium Ylides. The synthetic potential of phosphonium ylides was developed initially by G. Wittig and his associates at the University of Heidelberg. The reaction of a phosphonium ylide with an aldehyde or ketone introduces a carbon-carbon double bond in place of the carbonyl bond. The mechanism originally proposed involves an addition of the nucleophilic ylide carbon to the carbonyl group to form a dipolar intermediate (a betaine), followed by elimination of a phosphine oxide. The elimination is presumed to occur after formation of a four-membered oxaphosphetane intermediate. An alternative mechanism proposes direct formation of the oxaphosphetane by a cycloaddition reaction.236 There have been several computational studies that find the oxaphosphetane structure to be an intermediate.237 Oxaphosphetane intermediates have been observed by NMR studies at low temperature.238 Betaine intermediates have been observed only under special conditions that retard the cyclization and elimination steps.239... 

Meister B. 2004. Modellverbindungen zum Studium Sialinsaure-vermittelter Erkennungsprozesse Synthese neuer Saccharide auf Basis von Carotenoiden und Furanen. Dissertation, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, p. 36, http //www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/archiv/4440. 

Kaltmann, B. (1990) PhD thesis, Faculty of Biology, University of Heidelberg. 

In 1963, Armin Weiss (then at the University of Heidelberg, Germany) reported the intercalation of amino acids and proteins in mica sheet silicates (Weiss, 1963). Some years later, U. Hoffmann, also from Heidelberg, published an article titled Die Chemie der Tonmineralien (The Chemistry of Clay Minerals), in which he mentioned possible catalytic activity of clays in processes which could have led to the emergence of life (Hoffmann, 1968). 

Special thanks are due to Prof. Dr. Adolf W. Krebs, University of Heidelberg (BRD) and to Prof. Dr. Herman L. Ammon, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland (USA) for helpful criticism and valuable suggestions on the structural part of this article. 

Siebert, W. Advances in Boron Chemistry. Proceedings of the Ninth International Meeting on Boron Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, July 14—18,1996 Special Publication of the Royal Society of Chemistry No. 201, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, 1997. 

Figure 6.3 YES assay of HPLC fractions of extracts from SPMDs exposed to the Elizabeth River, VA, USA. Reproduced courtesy of Andrew Rastall, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Rastall, A.C. 2004b, University of Heidelberg, Germany Personal communication. 

Fig. 3.22. Partial high-resolution El mass spectmm in the molecular ion region of a zirconium complex. Ai R = 8000 the PFK ion can barely be separated from the sUghtly more mass deficient analyte ion. By courtesy of M. Enders, University of Heidelberg.

Fig. 3.23. Listing of possible elemental compositions of the zirconium complex shown in the preceding figure. The error for each proposal is listed in units of ppm and mmu. The column U.S. lists unsaturation , i.e., the number of rings and/or double bonds (Chap. 6.4.4). By courtesy of M. Enders, University of Heidelberg.

Fig. 8.17. FD mass spectra of a disaccharide (a) at the beginning of desorption, (b) towards end of desorption. [86] By courtesy of H. Friebolin, University of Heidelberg.

Fig. 9.10. Positive-ion FAB spectrum of an immonium salt. [97] The perchlorate counterion can well be identified from the first and second cluster ion. By courtesy of H. Im-gartinger. University of Heidelberg.

Fig. 9.11. Negative-ion FAB mass spectra of a Bunte salt. The insets compare experimental and calculated isotopic patterns of the [C-I-2A] and [2C-I-3A] cluster ions. By courtesy of M. Grunze, University of Heidelberg.

Fig. 9.13. Positive-ion FAB spectrum of a cationic fluorescent marker dye with PEG 600 admixed for internal mass calibration. By courtesy of K. H. Drexhage, University of Siegen and J. Wolfrum, University of Heidelberg.

Fig. 9.17. Partial LT-FAB mass spectmm of the reaction mixture containing the iridium complexes 1 and 2 in toluene. In addition to the changes in mass, the isotopic pattern changes upon exchange of Cl by Br. By courtesy of P. Hofmann, University of Heidelberg.

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