Ultrasound-assisted sample pretreatments

C. Pena-Farfal, A. Moreda-Pineiro, A. Bermejo-Barrera, P. Bermejo-Barrera, H. Pinochet-Cancino and I. De-Gregori-Henriquez, Ultrasound bath-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis procedures as sample pretreatment for multielement determination in mussels by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 76(13), 2004, 3541-3547. 

Misused terms in relation to ultrasound-assisted solid sample pretreatment... 

Ultrasound assistance can be provided before and (or) during analysis. In those techniques which do not involve any electron exchange at the solution-electrode interface, US is normally applied prior to analysis in order to activate the electrode surface and hence in the absence of sample in electron-exchange processes, US can be applied as a pretreatment, but also during analysis. In the latter case, US can be applied during the measurement step and, in stripping techniques, during deposition of the analyte of interest on the electrode, either electrochemically or by physisorption. 

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