Ultrafiltration membrane disks

Atomic force microscopy is finding more use in examination of membranes, but artifacts must be addressed, as was done by Bowen and Doneva [197], who noted changes in pore size and structure and used Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) filtering to show the true pore shape. Samples for AFM were prepared by attaching them to steel disks with double sided tape. These same authors used AFM to characterize ultrafiltration membranes [198, 199] and characterized the pore dimensions and quantified the interaction or adhesion of cellulose with two polymeric UF membranes. Atomic force microscopy was also used to characterize molecularly imprinted composite polyethersulfone membranes for quantification of the pore size and surface roughness [200]. 

Bhattacharjee S, Siddhartha D, and Bhattachaijee C. Performance study during ultrafiltration of kraft black liquor using rotating disk membrane module. J. Cleaner Production 2006 14(5) 497-504. 

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