Ultracold atoms

A. Ben-Reuven. Radiatively damped collisions of ultracold atoms. In L. Frommhold and J. W. Keto, eds., Spectral Line Shapes 6, p. 206, Am. 

There are two lines of interest in the spectroscopy of ultracold hydrogen. The first is in the precise determination of the 1S-2S transition frequency. The second is in the many new opportunities made possible by exciting ultracold atoms from the 2S state to higher states. 

In the second paper, O Dell et al discuss Bose-Einstein condensates with laser-induced dipole-dipole interactions. A Bose-Einstein condensate formed in a trapped ultracold atomic vapour constitutes an example of macroscopic... 

Figure 1. The world of ultracold atomic, molecular, and cluster systems.

Concurrently, the world of ultracold systems has expanded its boundaries during the last decade to encompass ultracold, three-dimensional, large hnite systems [e.g., ( He)jy clusters (N = 2-10" ), and ( He)jy clusters (N = 25-10 )] in the temperature range of T = 0.1-2.2 K [6-11, 50-78], finite optical molasses in laser irradiated ultracold atomic gases in the temperature range of 10-100 pK [79], as well as finite Bose-Einstein condensates in the temperature range of 10-100 nK [14, 80],... 

A. Packing and Structure of Boson ( He)Ar Clusters and of Ultracold Atomic Clouds... 

Juiienne P S and Heather R 1991 Laser modification of ultracold atomic collisions theory Phys.Rev.Lett. 67 2135-8... 

Julienne P S 1988 Laser modification of ultracold atomic collision in optical traps Phys.Rev.Lett. 61 698-701... 

Most theoretical treatments of decay consider the time evolution of an initial state tunneling out of single well [81-85]. However, the present-day possibility of designing the potential parameters of artificial quantum systems [61, 86], opens the way to study the issue of decay in more complex potential profiles as exemplified by semiconductor multibarrier systems of finite length which are formed by a succession of alternating barriers and wells [57] and other artificial multibarrier structures as ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices [86]. 

Our results are of a general validity in quantum mechanics and hence one may consider other artificial multibarrier structures as, for example, ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices [86] and in optical tests of quantum mechanics [96]. 

M. Lewenstein, A. Sanpera, V. Ahufinger, D. Bogdan, A. Sen, U. Sen, Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond, Adv. Phys. 56, (2007) 243. 

P. Glade, E. de Mirandes, M. Cadoret, S. GueUati-Kh4Ufa, C. Schwob, F. Nez, L. JuUen, F. Bira-ben. Determination of the fine structure constant based on Bloch oscfllations of ultracold atoms in a vertical optical lattice, Phys. Rev Lett. 96 (3) (2006) 033001 http //Unk.aps.org/ abstract / PRL/v96/ e033001. 

M.R. de Saint Vincent, J.P. Brantut, Ch. Borde, A. Aspect, T. Bourdel, P. Bouye, A quantum trampoline for ultracold atoms. Europhys. Lett. 89, 10002 (2010)... 

I. Bloch, M. Greiner, Exploring quantum matter with ultracold atoms in optictil lattices. Adv. At. Mol. Phys. 52, 1 7 (2005)... 

M. Greiner, O. Mandel, T. EssUnger, T.W Hansch, I. Bloch, Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms. Nature 415(6867), 39-44 (2(X)2). doi 10.1038/415039a... 

M. Atala, M. Aidelsburger, M. Lohse, J.T. Barreiro, B. Paredes, 1. Bloch, Observation of the Meissner effect with ultracold atoms in bosonic ladders. arXiv 1402.0819... 

Gonzalez-Martmez, M.L. and Hutson, J.M., Ultracold atom—molecule collisions and bound states in magnetic fields zero-energy Feshbach resonances in He—NH ( E ), Phys. Rev. A, 15, 022702, 2007. 

In this chapter, we give an overview of recent studies of ultracold atom-molecule collisions, focusing on nonreactive and reactive systems and the effect of vibrational excitation of the molecule on the collisional outcome. We will discuss both tunneling-dominated and barrierless reactions and examine recent efforts in extending these studies to ionic systems as well as molecule-molecule systems. We consider mostly the novel aspects of collisional dynamics of atom-diatom systems at cold and ultracold temperatures with illustrative results for specific systems. For more comprehensive discussion of cold and ultracold collisions including reactive and nonreactive processes and the effect of external fields we refer the reader to several review articles [6,8,13-15] that have appeared in the last few years. For details of the theoretical formalisms we refer to the chapters by Hutson and by Tscherbul and Krems. 

Hutson, J.M. and Soldin, R, Molecular collisions in ultracold atomic gases, Int. Rev. Phys. Chem., 26, 1, 2007. 

Forrey, R.C., Balakrishnan, N., Kharchenko, V., and Dalgarno, A., Feshbach resonances in ultracold atom-diatom scattering, Phys. Rev. A, 58, R2645, 1998. 

Balakrishnan, N., Forrey, R.C., and Dalgamo, A., Threshold phenomena in ultracold atom-molecule colhsions, Chem. Phys. Lett., 280,1,1997. 

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