Tungsten oxide surface-bound

In the last several years tungsten alkylidyne complexes [60], W(CCMe3) (CH2CMe3)3 and W(CCMe3)Cl2(dimethoxyethane) in particular, have been a source of alkylidene complexes bound to oxide surfaces as a consequence of protonation of the alkylidyne ligand by a surface-bound hydroxyl group [112-114]. 

The second type of surface is an atomic layer of oxygen strongly bound to a tungsten 110 surface in the form of a 2-D oxide. This surface will not lose oxygen up to a temperature of 1200 K and when cesium is adsorbed on it with proper coverage, a work function near 1.0 ev can be obtained. An example (9) is shown in Figure 14. 

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