Triphenyltin hydroxide, toxicity

Kline, E.R., Jarvinen, A.W., andKnuth, M.L. Acutue toxicity of triphenyltin hydroxide to three Cladoceran species, Environ. PoIIut, 56(1) 11-17, 1989. 

A number of other metals, such as iron and tin. enter into insecticide and peslicide compounds, but as purl of an urganic chemical stniciurc. us exemplified by triphenyltin hydroxide. Such compounds arc sometimes referred lo as organometallics (or, specifically in Ihc case of tin. as orgamilins). Mercury compounds are rapidly being phased out because of their long-term toxic residual effects as pollutants, particularly of fresh and saline waters. Regulations vary I mm one country to another. 

Triphenyltin acetate has a relatively low persistency. Triphenyltin hydroxide, form in the presence of water, is converted by light, ultraviolet light in particular by successive desarylation, into inorganic tin compounds. The diphenyl derivative is scarcely toxic, while the monophenyl compound is unstable (Kroeller, 1960). In the soil, about 25% of fentin acetate is broken down by microorganisms after 9 weeks but metabolites could not be identified (Suess and Eben 1973 Barnes et al.,... 

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