Trauma ultrasonography

Other imaging modalities besides ultrasonography, such as magnetic resonance imaging, are rarely needed in the clinical practice to evaluate patients with penile traumas and to plan the proper therapy (CooGAN and Levine 1998 Bertolotto et al. 2005). 

Diagnosis of penetrating traumas of the penis is usually straightforward, and imaging is rarely required, but in the more complex situations that need careful preoperative assessment, in particular, greyscale and color Doppler ultrasonography can be useful to identify cavernosal or albugineal hematoma... 

Direct traumas to the genitalia may result in blood extravasation within the subepithelial connective tissue or in the space between the Colles and the Buck s fascia. Location of the penile hematomas can be evaluated with ultrasonography (Fig. 12.3). In fact, as illustrated in Chapter 11, penile hematomas present clinically with a different appearance when they are restricted below the Buck s fascia or when they spread in the more superficial layers. Ultrasonography, however, allows evaluation of the relationships between the penile envelops and the... 

Most of patients with circumscribed cavernosal fibrosis or scar have had penile surgery or traumas. Postraumatic fibrosis usually results from healing of intracavernosal hematoma (Bertolotto and Pozzi Mucelli 2004 Munarriz et al. 2005) or rupture of the tunica albuginea from sudden bending of the erect penis. A recent report (Brant et al. 2007) describes a subset of patients with penile induration who were found to have only a circumscribed septal fibrotic change on penile ultrasonography. About 36% of these patients had a significant history of penile trauma. 

Mayor B, Gudinchet F, Wicky S, Reinberg O, Schnyder P (1995) Imaging evaluation of blunt renal trauma in children diagnostic accuracy of intravenous pyelography and ultrasonography. Pediatr Radiol 25 214-218... 

De Flaviis L,Nessi R, Leonard M et al (1988) Dynamic ultrasonography of capsulo-ligamentous knee joint traumas. J Clin Ultrasound 16 487-492... 

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