Transport of mantle heat and helium through the crust

Transport of mantle heat and helium through the crust 

The relationship in some cases is less clear cut for example, mantle He can be stored in the crust apparently without accompanying heat (Mirror Lake, Torgersen et al. 1994 Texas CO2 well gases, Ballentine et al. 2001) and mantle heat can be transferred into the crust without affecting the He/ He composition of local groundwaters (North Atlantic, Oxburgh et al. 1986). Therefore, imperfect correlations are to be expected, but the considerable differences in He isotopic composition between the different potential He and heat sources means that useful information can be obtained from this approach. 

Helium and Heat can be considered to have two components, one from the mantle and one produced in shallow crust  

Two different approaches have been used to investigate Helium and heat fractionation on the global scale by (Oxburgh and O Nions 1987)  

Assume the He flux from the mantle to the continents is the same as the He flux from mantle to oceans. 

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