Transition rule probabilistic

Select individuals for the next generation with a probability proportional to the fitness value from a roulette wheel on which the slot size is proportional to the fitness value. Notice that genetic algorithms use probabilistic, not deterministic, transition rules. 

GAs do not require derivative information or other auxiliary knowledge only the objective function and corresponding fitness levels influence the directions of search. GAs use probabilistic transition rules, not deterministic ones. 

The reaction transition probabilities in a cell are determined by birth-death probabilistic rules that model the changes in the species particle numbers in the reaction mechanism. Letting N = (iV(1, iV(2),..., iV(s)) be the set of all instantaneous cell species numbers, the reaction transition matrix can be written... 

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