Transition heterogeneous photocatalysis

Litter, M.I. 1999. Heterogeneous photocatalysis transition metal ions in photocatalytic systems. Appl Catal B Environ 23 89-114. 

Litter MI. Heterogeneous photocatalysis. Transition metal ions in photo-catalytic systems. Appl Catal B Environ 1999 23 89-114. 

Litter, M. I. (1999) Heterogeneous photocatalysis - transition metal ions in photocatal)rtic systems. Applied Catalysis B Environmental 23, 89-114 Liu, X., G. Mauersberger and D. MoUer (1997) The effects of cloud processes on the tropospheric photochemistry an improvement of the EURAD model with a coupled gaseous and aqueous chemical mechanism. Atmospheric Environment 19, 3119-3135 Livingstone, D. A. (1963) Chemical composition of rivers and lakes. In U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 6 ed. (Ed. M. Fleischer), pp. 1 -64 Lloyd, G. E. R. (1970) Early Greek science Thales to Aristotle. W. W. Norton Co., New York, 156 pp. 

There has been recent interest in a somewhat different aspect of adsorption and reaction on metal oxides photocatalysis. The interest stems partially from that role that some transition-metal oxides can play in photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. Atmospheric aerosol particles can act as substrates to catalyze heterogeneous photochemical reactions in the troposphere. Most tropospheric aerosols are silicates, aluminosilicates and salts whose bandgaps are larger than the cutoff of solar radiation in the troposphere (about 4.3 eV) they are thus unable to participate directly in photoexcited reactions. However, transition-metal oxides that have much smaller bandgaps also occur as aerosols — the most prevalent ones are the oxides of iron and manganese — and these materials may thus undergo charge-transfer excitations (discussed above) in the pres-... 

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