Transformation ratio

This is the error in the transformed secondary voltage as generally caused by the excitation cutrent l, and as shown in Figure 15.1. It is the variation in the actual transformation ratio from the rated and is expressed by... 

K = rated transformation ratio V = actual primary voltage (r.m.s.)... 

This is UNODCs generally applied transformation ratio for all amphetamines, unless more precise information has been made available by member states. 

FIGURE 3.21 Voltage waveform at a 12.47-kV power system during switching in of a 5-MVAR capacitor bank. The voltage-to-transformer ratio is 60 1. 

Cmax/AUC Ratio of Cmax to AUC Scaled parameter Variance estimate complicated due to transformation (ratio) of correlated parameters... 

Fig. 5.10 A simplified circuit diagram of a transformer-ratio-arm bridge.

Another kind of audio-frequency bridge, which has come to the fore recently and which is very convenient to use, is the transformer-ratio-arm bridge, shown schematically in Fig. 5.10. This bridge uses inductive ratio arms to compare the unknown directly with standard components. The voltage... 

Measurements of e,.—Stability under pressure is the prime requirement for capacitance cells used to determine dielectric virial coefiScients. Cells of both parallel-plate and cylinder-within-a-cjirnder design, stable to a few parts in 10 and usable to over 200 atm, have been described by a number of authors. " Cells for use in the microwave region and cells for measuring refractivity > have also been described. Early measuremoits at radio frequencies relied on the heterodyne beat method, " but more recent work " has utilized the three-terminal transform ratio-aim technique developed by Cole and Gross. This second method eliminates difficulties due to stray capacitances and provides accuracies of better than 1 part in 10 . For an exceUent review of techniques at both ratfio and microwave frequencies see ch. 2 of ref. 53. For refractivity methods see refs. 45,46, and 54. 

Figure 43-12 Histogram of NAT2 phenotypical activities as obtained by the caffeine test 5 hr urine collection obtained after administration of caffeine, and analyzed for caffeine metabolite concentrations.Values represent the logarithmically transformed ratio of metabolites 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methy -uracil (AFMU) and I-methyixanthine (IX). From the distinct biomodal distribution an anti mode of log(0.50)...

To determine Wt one could also measure W2 and adopt a known power transformation ratio. This ratio of course depends on the acoustic load and has to be determined in each and every particular case. Again, such a method does not take into account any possible aging of the system, and calibration should be made from time to time. Furthermore, it will be of little use in chemistry as the acoustic impedance of the load will almost certainly change as the reaction proceeds. 

Figure 2.16 (a) A differential three-terminal capacitor, (b) A capacitance bridge circuit with output proportional to fractional difference in capacitance, (c) A transformer ratio arm bridge. (From R S C Cobbold R S C Transducers for Biomedical Measurements Principles and Applications, copyright 1974, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.)... 

A transformer ratio arm bridge (figure 2.16(c)) can also be used to solve equation (2.27). The degree of bridge unbalance (C — C2) is a function of amplifier current which may be found from equation (2.26). 

Fig. 23 - Transformation ratio as a function of time at 1105°C A3 is the undoped Alumina...

Fig. 24 a - Specific surface area versus heating time Fig. 24 b - Specific surface area versus transformation ratio undoped alumina, A (Mg)... 

Samples were heated in static air in an electric furnace at a controlled temperature and were withdrawn at different times (up to 45 hours). The transformation ratio (into alpha Al O ) was obtained by XRD analysis with an accuracy of 5 %. 

The inhibiting effect of thorium is substantial, since the transformation ratio is only 1,5 % after 45 hours at 1105°C and 4,5 % after 160 hours. In the case of lanthanum, it is still more significant since no alpha Al O was detected after 45 hours and only 1.5 % after 150 hours. ... 

Figures 24 a and 24 b respectively show the dependence of the specific surface area (according to the BET method) on the heating time and the transformation ratio for pure alumina and magnesium doped alumina. It is evident that the faster the transformation to alpha A O the faster the specific surface area decreases. Furthermore, there is a linear relationship between the surface area and the extent of transformation provided the latter is more than 10 %. The lines for pure and doped alumina exhibit the same slope.

FIGURE 6-16 Typical transformer-ratio-arm bridge transducer. (Source Huang, 1988)... 

---