Titanium, Ti

Titanium has an atomic weight of 47.90, it melts at about 1800°C and boils at 3262°C. Titanium filings are quite stable against water, moisture or the various other chemicals that we use. The filings are quite reactive at high temperatures (over a red heated state)and produce pretty yellowish white sparks, when they are mixed with a black powder type composition.The front page photos show the sparks in comparison with others caused by aluminium and magnalium. (The author owes the tests to 

Lancaster.) The compositions consist of 70% black powder(in a powdered state), 4% pine charcoal and 26% metal powder. 

In Japan a Ti-Fe alloy in various mesh sizes which contains more than 80% of titanium is recently used. 

Titanium produces brilliant fire dust sparks having a relatively long life which cannot be obtained by other materials. 

Astronomical observations in red-giant stars of molecular bands in the molecules TiO and TiC have provided a sensitive test of the transition from an O-rich star to a C-rich star ( carbon star ). Ifthe star s atmosphere contains more oxygen than carbon, free oxygen remains after chemically forming as much of the tightly bound CO molecule as is possible. Such stars reveal bands ofTiO in their spectra. Conversely, in carbon stars, excess C remains after the formation of the maximum amount of CO molecules. These stars reveal bands of TiC in their spectra. And it is from the atmospheres of such stars that the mainstream SiC presolar grains are recovered in meteorites. 

Natural isotopes oftitanium and their solar abundances 

44 gamma rays in supernovae extinct radioactivity in presolar grains  

This isotope of titanium has great importance for the science of extinct radioactivity (see Glossary). Owing to its short halflife it did not have significant abundance in the early 

From the isotopic decomposition of normal titanium one finds that the mass-46 isotope, 4STi, is one of the four lesser abundant of the stable titanium isotopes 8.0% of all Ti. On the scale where one million silicon atoms is taken as the standard for solar-system matter, this isotope has 

The most sensitive analytical line for titanium in HR-CS AAS is at 319.200 nm with a characteristic concentration of about co = Img/L in a nitrous oxide/acetylene flame. The characteristic mass at this line, using a transversely heated graphite tube atomizer, is mo = 45 pg. 

Although titanium has more than 300 absorption lines, only a few of the most sensitive ones are listed in Table 6.30, together with information about their spectral environment, because the sensitivity of titanium is not very high anyway, so that there is essentially no need to reduce the sensitivity further. The only aspect of interest might therefore be the simultaneous determination of other analytes together with titanium. 

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In small numbers, anodes have been made with iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), and titanium (Ti). 

Locate the element titanium (Ti) in the Periodic Table. Read the following paragraph about its chemistry and answer the questions which follow. 

Titanium, Ti, atomic number 22, relative atomic mass 47.90, is the ninth most common element (ca 0.6% by weight) and is widely distributed in the earth s cmst. It is found particularly in the ores mtile, Ti02, and ilmenite, FeTiO. ... 

A number of bi-electrodes have been studied for application as insoluble anodes in electroplating platinised titanium, Ti-Pt, Ti-Cu and Ti-Ag. Anodic polarisation measurements in various copper, nickel, chromium and tin plating solutions together with passivation current densities are used to discuss performance and suitability. 

Consider titanium (Ti), the space-age metal discussed at the end of Chapter 1. Taking Avogadro s number to be 6.022 X 1023, calculate... 

Titanium, Ti, a light, strong metal, is used where these properties are critical— in widely diverse applications such as jet engines and dental fixtures such as partial plates. Although titanium is relatively reactive, unlike scandium it is resistant to corrosion because it is passivated by a protective skin of oxide on its surface. The principal sources of the metal are the ores ilmenite, FeTiO , and rutile, Ti02. 

Desulhirization reactions of transition metal-polysulfido complexes have also been reported. The treatment of a dimetallic complex of titanium, [ Ti(Cp)(OAr) 2(yU-S)(yU-S2)] (Cp=77 -C5H5, Ar=2,6-i-Pr2C6H3), with an equimolar amount of PhsP results in the quantitative formation of [ Ti(Cp)(OAr) 2(yU-S)2] via the transformation of the 1U-S2 ligand to a /t-S ligand (Scheme 44) [93]. The reverse reaction of [ Ti(Cp)(OAr) 2(/t-S)2] with Ss proceeds in a good yield. 

A few elements, among them fluorine and phosphoras, occur naturally with just one isotope, but most elements are isotopic mixtures. For example, element number 22 is titanium (Ti), a light and strong metal used in Jet engines and in artificial human Joints. There are five naturally occurring isotopes of Ti. Each one has 22 protons in its nuclei, but the number of neutrons varies from 24 to 28. In a chemical reaction, all isotopes of an element behave nearly identically. This means that the isotopic composition of an element remains essentially constant. The isotopic composition of Ti (number percentages) is... 

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