TiO2 particles with

It appears that TiO2 particles in water are widely hydroxylated. Therefore holes escaping annihilation may migrate to the surface and oxidize adsorbed water molecules and hydroxyl ions. Oxygen adsorbed at the surface captures electrons preventing their recombination with h and therefore favouring the yield of OH radical (Fig. 5). 

Thus the remarkable achievement of Kiwi et al (47), who simultaneously oxidized and reduced water with a single bifunctional catalyst (TIO2 particles treated with Pt and RUO2), stands as a milestone which will be difficult for polymeric systems to emulate. 

Carefully prepared Au catalysts have a relatively narrow particle size distribution, giving mean diameters in the range 2-10 nm with a standard deviation of about 30%. A major reason why Au particles remain as NPs even after calcination 573 K is the epitaxial contact of Au NPs with the metal oxide supports. Gold particles always expose its most densely packed plane, the (111) plane, in contact with a-Fe2O3(110), Co304(lll), anatase Ti02(112), and rutile TiO2(110). 

FT-RAIRS spectra of adsorbed CO on palladium supported on TiO2(110) has been combined with photoemission and LEED used to deduce particle morphology [59, 77]. A series of spectra have been selected (Fig. 16) from CO coverage dependent measurements made on Pd particles produced at various... 

The TiOo thin films were first cleaned in UHV by Ar+ ion sputtering followed by oxygen annealing (1100 K, 10-6 mbar 0 ) to restore surface stoichiometry. A Pt film of approximately ID A (based on the attenuation of the Ti XPS signals) was vapor deposited on this defect free TiO2 surface. The Pt film was then sintered by heating to 875 K (2 hr., 10"6 mbar 0o). The size of the Pt particles formed in this manner are estimated to be 2 to 5 nm in diameter based on comparison with microscopy studies in the literature.(18)... 

---