TiO2 extension

Based on extensive screening of hundreds of ruthenium complexes, we discovered that the sensitizer excited-state oxidation potential should be negative and at least - 0.9 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE), in order to inject electrons efficiently onto the TiO2 conduction band. The ground-state oxidation potential should be about 0.5 V versus SCE, in order to be regenerated rapidly via electron donation from the electrolyte (iodide/triiodide redox system) or an hole conductor. A significant decrease in electron-injection efficiencies will occur if the excited-and ground-state redox potentials are lower than these values. 

Water adsorption has been studied quite extensively in the past, both on the TiO2(100) and the TiO2(110) surfaces [159, 160]. There is substantial evidence that water dissociates easily on the TiO2(100) surface leading to the formation of hydroxyl groups [161, 162]. On the TiO2(110) surface studies by... 

It is comforting that the elemental rules for predicting surface terminations outlined in section 3.1.1. work so well for predicting the structure of the (1x1) terraces and the step edges of all the orientations of both rutile and anatase. The extensive theoretical work has helped to refine the understanding of surface relaxations, and the level of detail on the atomic geometry of the TiO2(110) surface is certainly comparable to that of certain elemental semiconductors or metals. 

The rutile TiO2(110) surface has been extensively studied by STM, and Figure 35 shows one image from the (1x1) TiO2(110) surface. There is now accumulated evidence from both theoretical calculations and studies of adsorbed molecules that... 

In one publication, an extensive morphological study was conducted on the effect of TiO2 on the morphology of crystallized PP and HDPE. The authors did not find any evidence of a modified morphology around the particles and concluded that spherulites grew until they were stopped by the surface of the filler unless the... 

Photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants on TiO2-based materials has been extensively investigated. The catalyst is used in the form of a suspension of fine particles or thin film on robust substrates. Figure 12.2 shows the variation of open-circuit potential with time for TiO2 film electrodes, prepared by anodization of Ti... 

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