Thyroid Nicotinic acid

Drugs that may affect repaglinide include CYP 450 inhibitors (eg, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ketoconazole, miconazole), CYP 450 inducers (eg, barbiturates, carbamazepine, rifampin), beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, chloramphenicol, corticosteroids, coumarins, estrogens, gemfibrozil, isoniazid, itraconazole, levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol, MAOIs, nicotinic acid, NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, phenytoin, probenecid, salicylates, simvastatin, sulfonamides, sympathomimetics, thiazides and other diuretics, and thyroid products. 

Certain drugs tend to produce hyperglycemia and may lead to loss of blood glucose control. These drugs include the thiazides and other diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blocking drugs, and isoniazid. 

Thiazides and other diuretics Corticosteroids Phenothiazines Thyroid products Estrogens Oral contraceptives Phenytoin Nicotinic acid Sympathomimetics Calcium channel blockers Isoniazid Miconazole... 

Among the active compounds were xanthurenic and 3-hydroxyanthra-nilic acids, whereas tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenic, anthranilic, and nicotinic acids were unable to cause deiodination. These findings support, according to the authors, the view that the deiodination of the thyroid hormone may be closely associated with its biological action. 

Pentamidine Nicotinic acid Glucocorticoids Thyroid hormone Diazoxide... 

Patients with hypercholesterolemia do not appear to have significant alterations in bile salt synthesis rates, but patients with combined hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia have increased synthesis rates for both cholate and chenodeoxycholate (20). Bile salt synthesis rates are not appreciably changed when nicotinic acid feeding lowers plasma cholesterol concentrations (20). Synthesis rates may also be affected by thyroid hormones. Cholic acid synthesis is decreased and half-life prolonged in hypothyroid subjects. These alterations may be corrected with thyroid hormone (21). Bile acid synthesis is increased in thyrotoxicosis (21). 

Of the hyperlipidemic drugs, clofibrate appears to decrease fecal elimination of bile acids (278-280). However, this decrease is less than the increase of the neutral steroid output, so the net elimination of cholesterol is increased (280). Thyroid hormones may occasionally, especially if associated with diarrhea, cause a marked increase in bile acid elimination (see Section VIIB), while nicotinic acid only occasionally augments fecal bile salt output (221, 281). Of the more recently developed absorbable hypolipidemic drugs, DH-581 appears to stimulate bile acid excretion at least transiently, probably by inhibiting intestinal bile acid reabsorption (282). 

The term chiral recognition refers to a process m which some chiral receptor or reagent interacts selectively with one of the enantiomers of a chiral molecule Very high levels of chiral recognition are common m biological processes (—) Nicotine for exam pie IS much more toxic than (+) nicotine and (+) adrenaline is more active than (—) adrenaline m constricting blood vessels (—) Thyroxine an ammo acid of the thyroid gland that speeds up metabolism is one of the most widely used of all prescription... 

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