Thomson, James

Glasgow University Jubilee) Scotsman, 14 June 1901, p. 6 Thomson, James Watt) p. 359. 

Thomson, James C., Jr., Peter W. Stanley, and John Curtis Perry. Sentimental Imperialists The American Experience in East Asia. New York Harper and Row, 1981. 

October 1962-December 1966 Ambassador-at-Large Thomson, James C., Jr. 

Thomson, James (1822-92) A Scottish engineer who studied civil engineering at the University of Glasgow where his younger brother WilUam (later Lord Kelvin) was also a... 

Conversion Factors and Mathematical Symbols James O. Maloney Physical and Chemical Data Peter E. Liley, George H. Thomson, D. G. Friend, Thomas E. Daubert, Evan Buck... 

Sec also Carnot, Nicolas Leonard Sadi Clausins, Rudolf Julius Emmanuel Culture and Energy Usage Ethical and Moral Aspects of Energy Use Gibbs, Jonah Willard Industiy and Business, History of Energy Use and Joule, James Prescott Kinetic Energy, Historical Evolution of the Use of Mayer, Julius Robert von Refining, History of Thomson, William Watt, James. 

James Thomson (1871) suggested that these prolongations of the 0i isotherm of a liquid and vapour might ultimately bend round and join, so that the discontinuous flat part of the isotherm is replaced by a continuous curve (Fig. 84). aft corresponds to... 

This conclusion was arrived at, from considerations based on Carnot s principle alone, by James Thomson in 1849. He also calculated the magnitude of the effect, in the case of ice, by means of a cyclic process. Since the reasoning is the same for both cases, we shall deal with both together, giving appropriate diagrams. 

The prediction of James Thomson was verified experimentally by his brother, Lord Kelvin, in 1850, who found 8T = — 0-0072° C. per atm. Dewar (1880) found that this remained practically constant up to 700 atm. 

The existence of the triple point was first indicated by James Thomson (1851). 

Kirchhoffs investigation does not show that the sublimation and evaporation curves meet each other at the temperature at which solid and liquid are in equilibrium with vapour it proves that they are inclined at an angle, but the further fact that they intersect requires separate proof, which was inferred by James Thomson, and experimentally demonstrated by Ferche (1891) in the case of benzene the point of intersection, calculated from the vapour-pressure curves, was 5 405° C, whereas the melting-point was 5 42° C. 

Its construction was based on components of James Thomson s "ball-and-disk integrator . 

Parkhill, J. Dougan, G. James, K.D. Thomson, N.R. Pickard, D. Wain, J. et al. Complete genome sequence of a multiple drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi CT18. Nature, 413, 848-851 (1001)... 

William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) was bom in Ireland in the year of Carnot s Reflexions, and became known as one of the most commanding scientific personalities of his era. Both his father (James, later Professor of Mathematics at the University of Glasgow) and his elder brother (also James) were notable scientists as well. Like Carnot, Thomson and his brother were home-schooled by their father, who was widowed when William was only six years old. Both boys proved to be prodigies, and William was first enrolled in the University of Glasgow when only ten years old. Among other accomplishments, William taught himself French by reading Laplace and Fourier, and the latter s analysis of heat diffusion had a formative influence on Thomson s interest in thermodynamic questions. 

However, in the last hundred years or so it has been proved by great scientists, such as Niels Bohr, Albert Einstein, Henry Moseley, Joseph Thomson, Ernest Rutherford and James Chadwick, that atoms are in fact made up of even smaller sub atomic particles. The most important of these are electrons, protons and neutrons, although 70 sub atomic particles have now been discovered. 

Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Timothy A. Nieman. (1998). Principles of Instrumental Analysis (5th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA Thomson Learning. 

Faraday was thus able to enunciate his two laws of electrolysis. His second law implied that both matter and electricity were atomic in nature. Faraday was deeply opposed to atomism, especially the theory proposed by John Dalton, and indeed held a very antimaterialist view. It was clear to Faraday, however, that the law of definite proportions also required some sort of atomic theory. What Faraday proposed in the 1840s was that matter was perceived where fines of force met at a particular point in space. A direct experimental outcome of this radical theory was Faraday s discovery in 1845 of the magneto-optical effect and diamagnetism. The field theory that Faraday developed from this was able to solve a number of problems in physics that were not amenable to conventional approaches. This was one reason why field theory was taken up quite quickly by elite natural philosophers such as William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and James Clerk Maxwell. 

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