Third-generation licenses

In the year 2000, at the peak of the dot-com bubble, many governments around the world allocated or sold licenses to offer high-speed wireless (third generation) telephone services. The sales of these UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) licenses produced in some of these countries large windfalls for their governments. 

Acetylene is obtained from the incomplete combustion of methane. Oxygen and natural gas are reacted and about one-third of the entering methane is cracked and the rest is combusted to provide the necessary heat for the cracking process. The yield based on the carbon in the natural gas is usually about 31 wt%. The.process generates considerable soot (carbon) that must be removed continuously for good operation. The process is licensed by BASF. 

At that time, the FCC was not allowed to auction off spectrum to the highest bidder by the courts (Calhoun 1988, p. 124). In the 1990s spectrum auctions became the prevailing process of granting licenses in the USA. At the end of the 1990s, mobile licenses for the third cellular generation began to be auctioned off in Europe as well. 

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