Thermal escape

All TSRs involve the release of trapped charge carriers into either the conduction band or valence band and their subsequent capture by recombination centers and recapture by other traps (retrapping). Their experimental investigation is undertaken with the goal of determining the characteristic properties (parameters) of traps cap-tnre cross sections, thermal escape rates, activation energies, concentration of traps. 

Although the escape of He from the atmosphere must be accepted, a formal application of the classical Jeans thermal escape theory to 4He shows that the temperature... 

Yung Y., Wen J.-S., Moses J. I., Landry B. M., and Allen M. (1989) Hydrogen and deuterium loss from the terrestrial atmosphere a quantitative assessment of non-thermal escape fluxes. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 14971-14989. 

Donahue TM (1986) Fractionation of noble gases by thermal escape from accreting planetesimals. Icarus 66 195-210... 

Cormemey JEP, Acitna MH, Wasilewski PJ, Ness NF, Reme H, Mazelle C, Vignes D, Lin RP, Mitchell DL, Cloutier PA (1999) Magnetic lineations in the ancient crust of Mars. Science 284 794-798 Donahue TM (1986) Fractionation of noble gases by thermal escape from accreting planetesimals. Icarus 66 195-210... 

Neither the electron density dependence nor the shape (which is approximately stretched exponential) of the kinetics can be explained with second order reaction kinetics, where it is assumed that the reaction is controlled only by the concentrations of electrons and dye cations, nor are they consistent with simple electron transfer theory. An explanation was proposed by Nelson based on the continuous time random walk [109]. In the CTRW, electrons perform a random walk on a lattice, which contains trap sites distributed in energy, according to some distribution function, g E). In contrast to normal diffusion, where the mean time taken for each step is a constant, in the CTRW the time taken for each electron to move is determined by the time for thermal escape from the site currently occupied. 

Lactam 36 was the first cyclic enkephalin analog prepared. It has a higher affinity for the p-opioid receptor than for the 8-receptor. The methylamine-bridged enkephalin (MABE) analog 37 exhibits nanomolar affinity for isolated p- and 8-receptors and in an in vivo (rat) thermal escape assay an ED50 of 0.027 pg was determined, as compared with an ED50 of 2.4 pg for morphine. ... 

Thermal escape, Jeans escape if we assume that the individual molecules are Maxwellian distributed, then molecules from the high tail of this distribution can escape, if at a given level in the atmosphere the mean free path is comparable to the scale height. According to Maxwell s distribution, the kinetic energy of the molecules depends on the mass and velocity (which depends on the temperature in the atmosphere) ... 

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