Thermal analysis experimental factors affecting

The accuracy and reproducibility of hard tissue analysis results can be significantly affected by a number of experimental parameters such as sample shape, size and mass, analysis atmosphere or sample thermal and mechanical history. Sample representativeness, adequacy of sample mass to the desired test accuracy, and avoidance of inducing changes or contamination are key factors that should be monitored in order to obtain reproducible results on kindred specimens. Achieving this goal can be difficult when the experimental and instrumental parameters are not identical, since the thermal analysis methods are sensitive to heat transfer and temperature measurement accuracy [7,21]. 

Although these effects are small, they affect not only the covalent X-H bond lengths, but also the H - A hydrogen-bond lengths. For very high-precision low-temperature neutron diffraction analyses [186, 187], they have to be taken into account. An adequate way to do this, without the complexity of a complete anhar-monic thermal motion analysis, is to use the experimentally determined anisotropic temperature factors. As shown by comparisons between experimental and theoretical X-H values from low temperature neutron analyses and theoretical ab-initio molecular orbital calculations, one can assume that the motion of the two... 

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