Thermal analysis commercial apparatus

The above-balance type and the parallel-balance type of TG are commonly used for simultaneous measurements in TG and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Representative arrangements of commercial TG-DTA apparatus of these types are shown in Figures 2.6 and 2.7, respectively. The TG furnace TG shown in Figure 2.7 is equipped with an IR ray heater. 

Thermal analysis (TA) has been widely used in various fields in the last forty years and a large variety of thermal analyzers is commercially available all over the world. TA apparatus equipped with microprocessors and easy-to-use software has increased the number of users. At present, it is very difficult to find ordinary substances and industrial products which have not yet been the target of thermal analysis. 

The first measurements of molecules that were involved during thermogravimetric analysis were reported by Lephardt and Fenner [50,51], who showed the time evolution of several gases that are evolved when tobacco or other thermally labile samples are heated. Despite the obvious information that this experiment yielded and the simplicity of the apparatus, it took several years for instrument companies to introduce a commercial TGA/FT-IR interface. The gas cell installed in these systems is much... 

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