Theca lutein cyst

Benign Adnexal Lesions 212 Non-neoplastic Lesions of the Ovaries and Adnexa 212 Physiologic Ovarian Cysts 212 Paraovarian Cysts 214 Peritoneal Inclusion Cysts 215 Theca Lutein Cysts 216 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 216 Benign Neoplastic Lesions of the Ovaries 219 Cystadenoma 219 Cystadenofibroma 221 Benign Teratoma 221 Benign Sex Cord Stromal Tumors... 

Theca lutein cysts are ovarian cysts that are lined by luteinized theca cells. They develop in patients with high levels of serum human chorionic gonadotropin. They are not as common as other ovarian cysts. They are associated with multiple gestations, trophoblastic disease, and pregnancies comphcated by hydrops fetalis, or in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 

Theca lutein cysts are typically large, bilateral mul-tiseptate ovarian cysts composed of simple fluid. They may cause gross enlargement of the ovaries to 10-20 cm in diameter. T2-weighted images or contrast-enhanced MRl or CT will typically display no evidence of mural thickening (Fig. 9.22). 

Theca lutein cysts may resemble bilateral cystadeno-mas however, the clinical background is different. 

Fig. 9.22. Bilateral theca lutein cysts CT at the umbilical level in a 27-year-old patient with a hydatiform mole. Bilaterally enlarged ovaries are demonstrated displaying numerous thin-walled cysts of water-like density. No enhancing solid structures or papillary projections could be identified. Theca lutein cysts are found in up to 20% of patients with a hydatiform mole...

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