The Role of Conditioning Procedure

The aim of such conditioning procedure is to reduce V(V) orthophosphate impurity phases in the presence of n-butane, crystallize (V0)2P207in the VPO catalysts and increase their surface area [10]. Several alternative definitions of the equilibrated state of VPO catalysts and models of an active and selective phase and surface sites have been advanced [4,10-13]. Some of the reasons for the reported differences in the catalytic performance of VPO catalysts may be attributed to  

These findings further indicated that although different preparation routes led 

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