The Kramers-Henneberger frame

One approach to solving the Schrodinger equation in a strong field is to make a transformation to the so-called Kramers-Henneberger or wiggling frame. Starting from the time-dependent Schrodinger equation in the form  

The scalar potential can be removed by moving to the A p gauge. We perform a unitary transformation  

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Fig. 9.10. The appearance of the time-averaged effective potential in the Kramers-Henneberger frame for several different amplitudes of the oscillating wave.

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