The Effect of Pressure on Chemical Reaction Equilibrium

The value of the equilibrium constant K does not depend on the pressure, because the standard state Gibbs energies do not. However, the fugacities that appear in the law of mass action do depend on pressure. We show this effect by returning to Eq. 12.14, writing out the individual fugacities 

What did this buy us We know that K is independent of pressure. Kp and are both pressure dependent in some 

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