The Development of MCFC Work

The work of Baur et al. (1916, 1921) must be recognized as the first work in the field of molten carbonate fuel cells. If is imporfanf fo note fhat the solid electrolyte (a mixture of monazite sand and other components including alkali metal carbonates), with which O. Davtyan worked in the 1930s, actually represented a carbonate melt immobilized in a solid skeleton of silicates. 

Work on molten carbonate fuel cells was resumed after 1960 in many places in the Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry in Yekaterinburg, Russia (Stepanov, 1972-1974), and in the Institute of Gas Technology in Chicago. A large contribution in this field was made by Broers and Ketelaar (1958-1960) in Amsterdam (Broers, Ketelaar (1961)). 

Work to build power plants on the basis of molten carbonate fuel cells has also been done at UTC and a number of companies in different countries in Germany by MTU CFG Solutions GmbH, Munich, jointly with FCE, United States, in Italy by Ansaldo S.p.a., in Japan by Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., and others. 

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