The Approach To Dielectric Saturation

When aT,A varies with the ion field as dielectric saturation is approached, Aa/Ea and PA/EA become nonlinear  

sA is the integral dielectric constant, i.e the value corresponding to the measured values of Aa and EA. When sA is not constant, the work to create PA may not be equal to (PA.FA/2).dV. When 3PA/3EA is a function of EA, we require a means of calculating 

In the Marcus nomenclature,41 42 the polarization in polar liquids is u- or e-type. The u-type is due to reorientation of molecular dipoles by an 

The molecular ul-polarization induced in dV by the external field Ea in a polar solvent is given by  

These equations were first derived by Debye,33 107 with the assumption that the relationship between FA and EA was for a Lorentz cavity containing a medium with the macroscopic dielectric constant and no 

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