Tetra phenyl methane

The quantity <5G(agg.) in (7.18.7) measures the H0O interaction among four methane molecules the closest distance between any pair of molecules is about 2.51 A, as compared to 1.5 A between some of the pairs of methane molecules in Fig. 7.32. This is an improvement towards a more realistic configuration of solute molecules in real systems. One can make further improvement in this direction by taking four bulkier molecules, such as benzene or long-chain paraffin molecules, to form tetraalkyl or tetra-phenyl methane. In such cases the final configuration is very similar to an actually realizable configuration. 

Dyes. Auramine.—K hydrocarbon which is very closely related to di-phenyl methane and which we shall study very soon is tri-phenyl methane. It is the mother substance of a large and very valuable group of dyes. While di-phenyl methane also yields dyes they are few in number. They are known as auramine dyes. The dye known as auramine O is made as follows Michler s ketone (p. 667), which is tetra-methyl di-amino benzo phenone, is heated with ammonium chloride and anhydrous zinc chloride. The ammonium chloride yields ammonia which reacts with the ketone with the loss of water, the zinc chloride being the dehydrating agent. 

Another group of dyes belonging to the tri-phenyl methane series but which differ from the rosanilines in not being derived from triamino tri-phenyl methane is represented by malachite green. It is one of the oldest of the synthetic dyes, having been first prepared by O. Fischer in 1877. The immediate mother substance is di-amino tri-phenyl methane of which the leuco base of the dye is the tetra-methyl derivative. 

Treatment of fluorene, xanthene, thioxanthene, phenyl-4-pyridyl-methane, phenyl-2-pyridylmethane, 4,5-methylenephenanthrene, tetra-phenylcyclopentadiene, or phenalene with base and a trace of oxygen in DMSO (80% )-tert-buty alcohol (20%) solution gave significant amounts of the ketyls—i.e., Figure 6. These reactions may involve the initial formation of the ketone followed by reduction by the carbanion to yield the ketyl. 

Acac = acetyacetonate BArf = tetra(3,5-bis(trifluorome-thyl)phenyl)borate anion bridge = 1,3-diisocyanopropane COD = cycloocta-1,5-diene COE = cyclooctene DFT = Density Functional Theory dimen = 2,1,8-diisocyanoment-hane DMAD = dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide dpmp = bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl) phenylphosphine DPPB = l,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)but-ane DPPE = l,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane DPPM = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane en= 1,2-diaminoethane hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate HFB = hexafluorobut-2-yne HOTf = trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid) MLCT = Metal Ligand Charge Transfer MO/MM = Molecular Orbital/Molecular Mechanics NBD = bicyclo[2. 2.1]heptadiene OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) ion OTs = p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate) ion /j-anis = /7-MeOC6H4 pip = piperidine pn = 1,2-diaminopropane PPN+ = bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium cation p-to = p-MeCeUt pz = pyrazolate QM/MM = Quantum Mechan-ics/Molecular Mechanics TFB = tetrafluorobenzobarrelene TM4 = 2,5-diisocyano-2,5-dimethyIhexane tn = 1,3-diami-nopropane. 

Inhib. abbrev. DTT = dithioghreitol E64D = epoxysuccinyl-L-leucyl-amido-3-methyl-butane ethyl ester EDTA = ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid EGTA = ethylen-glycol-tetra-acetic acid LHVS = morpholinurea-leucine-homophenyl-alanine-vinylsulfone-phenyl NEM = N-ethyl-maleimide PAI = plasminogen activator inhib. PMSF = phenil-methyl-sulfonil fluoride SBTl = soybean trypsin inhib. TIMP = tissue inhib. of metalloproteinases TPCK = tosyl-L-phenyl-alanyl-chloro-methane Al.so termed stephins. 

Bis- [4-nitro-phenyl ]-mcthan 100 W Wolfram-, Lampeb Tetra-chlormethan 1 RiickfluB Bnm-bis-[4-nitro- phenyQ-methan 45 98-98,5 3... 

Direct fluorination (F2-N2) of the potassium salts of a number of aryldinitro-methanes [ArCHCN02)2 in most examples Ar = nitro- or polynitro-phenyl] in aqueous solution gives good yields of a-fluoro-compounds [ArCF(NOa)2], and the iW-difluoroanilines 2,4,6,3-(02N)3RC6H NF2 (R = H or Me), which may be useful as components of propellants, are obtained from the parent anilines and fluorine in anhydrous HF at — 5 to 0 Russian work on the reactions of aromatic carboxylic acids with sulphur tetra-... 

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