Tetanus Synaptobrevin cleavag

Hayashi T, Yamasaki S, Nauenburg S, Binz T, Niemann H (1995) Disassembly of the reconstituted synaptic vesicle membrane fusion complex in vitro. In EMBOJ. 14 2317-25 Melting TB, Zwisler O (1977) Structure of tetanus toxin. In J. Biol. Chem. 252 187-93 Hohne-Zell B, Ecker A, Weller U, Gratzl M (1994) Synaptobrevin cleavage by tetanus toxin light chain is linked to inhibition of exocytosis in chromaffin cells. In FEBS Lett. 355 131 -4... 

G. Schiavo, F. Benfenati, B. Poulain, O. Rossetto, P. Polverino de Laureto, B. R. Das-Gupta, C. Montecucco, Tetanus and Botulinum-B Neurotoxins Block Neurotransmitter Release by Proteolytic Cleavage of Synaptobrevin , Nature 1992a, 359, 832-835 G. Schiavo, O. Rossetto, A. Santucci, B. R. DasGupta, C. Montecucco, Botulinum Neurotoxins are Zinc Proteins , J. Biol. Chem. 1992b, 267, 23479-23483. 

Either toxin consists of two chains - a heavy chain, which targets the toxin to specific nerve cells, and a fight chain, which is a protease with specificity for synaptobrevin and is actually interchangeable. Cleavage of synaptobrevin will dismpt transmitter exocytosis. The radically different consequences - flaccid paralysis with botulinum toxin, violent spasms with tetanus toxin - are due to the different neurons targeted inhibitory neurons in the latter case, excitatory neurons in the former. 

Schiavo G, Bentenati F, Poulain B, Rossetto O, Polverino de Laureto P, DasGupta BR, Montecucco C (1992 a) Tetanus and botulinum-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by a proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin, In Nature 359 832-5... 

Yamasaki, S., Baumeister, A., Binz, T., Blasi, J., Link, E., Cornihe, F., Roques, B., Fykse, E.M., Sudhof, T.C., and Jahn, R. 1994. Cleavage of members of the synaptobrevin/VAMP family by types D and F botulinal neurotoxins and tetanus toxin. J. Biol. Chem. 269 12764—12772. 

---