3-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole

A paired-ion, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of sweeteners (dulcin, saccharin-Na, and acesulfame-K), preservatives (sodium dehydroacetate, SA, salicyclic acid, BA, succinic acid, methyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-propyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-butyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, and isobutyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid), and antioxidants (3-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and tertiary-butyl-hydroquinone). A mobile phase of acetonitrile-50 ml aqueous tr-hydroxyisobutyric acid solution (pH 4.5) (2.2 3.4 or 2.4 3.6, v/v) containing 2.5 mM hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and a Clg column with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection at 233 nm were used. This method was found to be very reproducible detection limits ranged from 0.15 to 3.00 p,g. The retention factor (k) of each additive could be affected by the concentrations of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and a-hydroxyisobu-tyric acid and the pH and ratio of mobile phase. The presence of additives in dried roast beef and sugared fruit was determined. The method is suitable for routine analysis of additives in food samples (81). 

Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) This monophenolic compound exists as a mixture of two isomers (Figure 4), 3-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (90%) and 2-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (10%). The 3-isomer shows a higher antioxidant activity than the 2-isomer. BHA is commercially available as a white, waxy... 

Primary antioxidants terminate free radical chains and function as electron donors. They include the phenolic antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxy-toluene (BHT), tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), alkylgalates, usually propylgallate (PG), and natural and synthetic tocopherols and tocotrienols. 

The synthetic antioxidants that are used, when there are no restrictions on using them, are butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PG), and tertiary butyUiydroxyquinone (TBHQ). The usual added amounts are 0.02% as single or combined. This amount is the maximum allowable in Canada and the United States, for example. Regulations governing synthetic antioxidant usage can differ from one country to another. 

Synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PG), ascorbyl palmitate, and tertiary-butyl-hydroquinone (TBHQ), are used in soybean cooking oils and frying fats (230). These antioxidants are typically added at 0.01% for one antioxidant and 0.02% total for two or more. Natural antioxidants, derived from sage, rosemary, and green tea, are increasingly popular because of consumer preferences for natural food ingredients (231). 

Suitable antioxidants, such as 2,6-di-tertiary butyl-p-cresol and butylated hydroxyanisole, may be added to the wax to retard the oxidation reactions. 

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2014. In Food Safety and Quality Tertiary Butylhydroquinone, Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated Hydroxytoluene. Available from http //www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/ Monographl/. Assessed in August 1, 2015. 

Flow injection methods for the determination of alkyl gallates have been mainly focused on the determination of PG alone or together with other additives, principally other antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) (Table 14.1). Both optical and electrochemical detection systems have been used for this purpose. 

Synonyms Butylated hydroxyanisole Butylhydroxyanisole 2(3)-t-Butyl4-hydroxy-anisole t-Butylhydroxyanisole t-Butyl4-hydroxyanisole t-Bulyl4-methoxyphe-nol (1,1-Dimethylethyl)4-methoxyphenol Hydroxyanisole, butylated Definition Mixture of isomers of tertiary butyl-substituted 4-methoxyphenols Empirical C H gQj... 

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