Terrylene

Figure Cl.5.8. Spectral jumping of a single molecule of terrylene in polyethylene at 1.5 K. The upper trace displays fluorescence excitation spectra of tire same single molecule taken over two different 20 s time intervals, showing tire same molecule absorbing at two distinctly different frequencies. The lower panel plots tire peak frequency in tire fluorescence excitation spectmm as a function of time over a 40 min trajectory. The molecule undergoes discrete jumps among four (briefly five) different resonant frequencies during tliis time period. Arrows represent scans during which tire molecule had jumped entirely outside tire 10 GHz scan window. Adapted from...

Line shifts as a function of pressure have been studied for pentacene and terrylene in /i-teriDhenyl [98, 99]. Botli exhibited linear and reversible spectral red shifts witli increasing pressure. Modest variations (factors of 1.3-1.6) in tlie pressure shifts among molecules were attributed to slightly different local environments. 

Figure Cl.5.9. Vibrationally resolved dispersed fluorescence spectra of two different single molecules of terrylene in polyetliylene. The excitation wavelengtli for each molecule is indicated and tlie spectra are plotted as the difference between excitation and emitted wavenumber. Each molecule s spectmm was recorded on a CCD detector at two different settings of tire spectrograph grating to examine two different regions of tlie emission spectmm. Type 1 and type 2 spectra were tentatively attributed to terrylene molecules in very different local environments, although tlie possibility tliat type 2 spectra arise from a chemical impurity could not be mled out. Furtlier details are given in Tchenio [105-1071.

Figure C 1.5.10. Nonnalized fluorescence intensity correlation function for a single terrylene molecule in p-terjDhenyl at 2 K. The solid line is tire tlieoretical curve. Regions of deviation from tire long-time value of unity due to photon antibunching (the finite lifetime of tire excited singlet state), Rabi oscillations (absorjDtion-stimulated emission cycles driven by tire laser field) and photon bunching (dark periods caused by intersystem crossing to tire triplet state) are indicated. Reproduced witli pennission from Plakhotnik et al [66], adapted from [118].

Kummer S, Basche T and Brauchle C 1994 Terrylene in p-terphenyl a novel single crystalline system for single molecule spectroscopy at low temperatures Chem. Phys. Lett. 229 309-16... 

Muller A, Richter W and Kador L 1995 Pressure effects on single molecules of terrylene in p-terphenyl Chem. Phys. Lett. 241 547-54... 

Tchenio P, Myers A B and Moerner W E 1993 Vibrational analysis of the dispersed fluorescence from single molecules of terrylene in polyethylene Chem. Phys. Lett. 213 325-32... 

Kulzer F, Kummer S, Matzke R, Brauchle C and Basche T 1997 Single-molecule optical switching of terrylene in p-terphenyl Nature 387 688-91... 

Kummer S, Mais S and Basche T 1995 Measurement of optical dephasing of a single terrylene molecule with nanosecond time resolution J. Chem. Phys. 99 17 078-81... 

Kulzer F, Koberling F, Christ T, Mews A and Basche T 1999 Terrylene in p-terphenyl single-molecule experiments at... 

Kuhn et al. observed the fluorescence enhancement and fluorescence decay rate of a single terrylene molecule when a spherical gold nanoparticle was approached to the... 

A typical aryl-aryl coupling and subsequent cyclodehydrogenation have afforded higher homo-logues of 42, such as the terrylene-47 and quaterry-... 

Figure 7. UV-VIS-NIR spectra of perylene-, terrylene-, and quaterrylene tetracarboxdiimidees 42, 47, 49.

Although many hydrocarbons exhibit fluorescence, often they are colourless and the fluorescence is only just into the blue, e.g. the linear terphenyl and quaterphenyl. Polycyclic ring systems such as terrylene and rubicene are used in analytical methods and OLEDs but a large number are ruled out of commercial use because of their potential to act as carcinogens. However, as mentioned in section 3.5.1.3, pery-lene is a useful fluorophore in a variety of outlets and pyrene is another polycyclic compound of interest. One derivative of pyrene (3.27) is a yellow-green fluorescent dye used in textile applications (Cl Solvent Green 7) and in analysis and sensors (see section 3.5.6.4). 

Energy transfer process in dendrimers containing a perylene-terrylene donor-acceptor system investigated by femtosecond multicolor transient absorption spectroscopy... 

The steady state absorption and fluorescence spectra of both dendrimer generations 1 and 2 are depicted in Fig. 2. The former are merely superpositions of the absorption spectra of both chromophores involved. In the fluorescence, however, the peryleneimide part is almost completely quenched compared to the model compound. Instead, the fluorescence at wavelengths longer than 650 nm almost completely resembles the emission spectrum of the terrylene-diimide model compound 3. This feature is a strong indication that within these dendrimers the excitation energy is efficiently transferred from the peryleneimide to the terrylenediimide. 

The series of peri-condensed naphthalene analogues perylene (5), terrylene (73), and quaterrylene (74) represent types of condensed ring... 

T-type chromophores 37 (j-tum structure 418 twisting power 55 two-level system (TLS) pentacene 3 perylene 3 terrylene 3... 

Figure 1.7. First generation polyphenylene dendrimer with terrylene as a luminescent...

Scheme 21. Reductive and oxidative aryl-aryl coupling reactions in the synthesis of quar-terrylene 49 R = fBu a) 3 mol % Pd(PPh3)4, K2C03, toluene, 3 d, reflux, 74 % b) K, DME, 7d, rt, CdCl2,48 % c) A1C13, CuCl2, CS2,8 h, rt, 48 % [102]...

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