Ternary plots

Figure 6,4 Ternary plot of singly bonded oxygen 0 , silicon Si and bridging oxygen in each kind of polyanion. Shaded areas compositional ranges 6.31 and 6.33. Reprinted from Ottonello (1983), with kind permission of Theophrastus Publishing and Proprietary Co.

Fig. 3. Ternary plot of carbonate composition (EMP, mol%) in the Chehelkureh ore deposit.

Fig. 2. Ternary plot of Al203-(Na20 + CaO)-K2O (CIA) for the studied sample (after Gu et al. 2002).BIack filled circles are samples used in this study.

FIGURE 5,32. Ternary plot of the extreme vertices experimental design for ICLS Example 1. 

Fig.25. Ternary plot based on the composition of the octahedral sheet of the dioctahedral 2 1 clay minerals, attapulgite and trioctahcdral saponite. Fe2 + was excluded.

Fig.29. Ternary plot of tetrahedral R3+ and octahedral R3+ for 275 dioctahedral 2 1 clay minerals. The layer charge is assumed to be due to tetrahedral and octahedral substitution. The octahedral sheet is assumed to have 2.00 cations per 0,0 (OH),. = average.

The trend with depth for the Monterey samples is dominantly due to the loss of thiophene but the maturity trend within the ternary plot (Figure 6) suggests that a significant depletion of the alkene occurs in association with thiophene loss. 

Figure 6. Ternary plots showing the variation in relative abundances of 2,3-dimethylthiophene, n-non-l-ene and 1,2-dimethylbenzene with depth (meters) for samples from the four sedimentary sequences. Maximum depths of burial are given for samples from the Paris Basin.

Figure 2, A ternary plot of Chinese bronzes analyzed at the Freer Gallery of Art, The mirrors ( ) form a distinct, high-tin group. (O), Shang ceremonial vessels (34 points) (+), Early Chou ceremonial vessels (31 points) (A), Middle and Late Chou ceremonial vessels (31 points) ( ), Chin and Han ceremonial vessels (5 points) ( ), Later ceremonial vessels (19 points) ( ), mirrors (27 points) (<), Ming Knife Coins (8 points) (>), belt hooks up to Han (147 points) ( ), later belt hooks (6 points).

Let us look at a simplified plot which indicates some of the properties of the ternary plotting method. Figure 3 is a hand-drawn plot with... 

The control of alloying was quite good, as can be seen from the close grouping of mirrors on the ternary plots. 

Figure 3 A ternary plot (upper) and binary ratio plot (lower) of the differing proportions (in wt.%) of Si, Fe, and Mg (three out of the four major elements) in chondrites and the Earth. These elements, together with oxygen, constitute >90% by mass of chondrites, the Earth, and other terrestrial planets. Data for the chondrites are from Wasson and Kellemeyn (1988) and for the Earth are from Table 2. The regression line is derived using only chondrites and does not include the EH data.

Figure 12 Ternary plots of molecular proportions of Al203-(Na20 + CaO )-K20 with the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) scale shown on the left. Also plotted are selected idealized igneous and sedimentary minerals and the range of typical natural waters. Squares are suspended sediments from major rivers throughout the world representing a variety of climatic regimes. CaO is the silicate bound concentration only (after McLennan et al., 2003).

Figure 13 Ternary plots of mole fraction Al203(A)-CaO + Na20 in silicates (CN)-K20(K) (note that the lower part of the ternary diagrams, A < 40, is not shown). The plagioclase-K-feldspar join, at A = 50, and illite and smectite compositions (thick bars) as in Figure 12. Fields encompassing data from Fore Arc and Trailing Edge tectonic settings are shown in stippled patterns (after Me Lennan et al., 1990).

Figure 1. Ternary plot of silica calcium oxide, and copper oxide concentrations for ancient Egyptian Blue (after normalization to 100%). The point towards the center of the ternary plot from which the three lines radiate towards the pure component positions represents the composition of the stoichiometric Egyptian Blue mineral. Key O, Egypt A, Amarna +, Nimrud X, Ninevah , Roman.

One unusual application of LA-ICP-MS is for fingerprinting scene-of-crime evidence. The combination of this technique with ternary-plot pattern-recognition software was used to determine the origin of samples of steel (e.g. from safes, gun barrels, tools) and glass (e.g. floats, sheets, containers) [115]. 

Ternary plots of percentage reaction values of major ions (Na, K, Ca and Mg) in brine samples ... 

Fig. 14. Ternary plots of relative concentrations (in reaction-value percentages) of the major cations in salt mine brines, average seawater, and formation waters of Louisiana (data mostly from Collins, 1975). 

Rg. 5. Ternary plot of sand/sandstone composition by member of the Zia Formation. Sample that plots as a litharenite contains a large amount of detrital carbonate. Classification from Folk (1974). 

Fig. 4. Ternary plot showing the detrital composition of the studied sandstones.

Fig. 11. Ternary plot of ferroan dolomite compositions measured by electron probe microanalysis.

The simplest method is to mix solvent and feed liquors containing varying quantities of solute in a separatory funnel, and analyze each phase for solute after settling. Where feed and solvent are essentially immiscible, the binary plot, such as shown in Fig. 4, is useful. For later ease of calculation, it is desirable to express concentrations on a solute-free basis. If there is extensive miscibility, a ternary plot (Fig. 5) would be preferable. Tie lines represent the equilibrium between the coexisting phases. 

The carbon number of biogenic precursor sterols is largely preserved in steranes, but some source specificity is lost for example, the same C29 sterane is produced by stigmasterol, sitosterol and fucosterol (Fig. 2.22). Consequendy, a ternary plot of C27 C28 C29 steranes requires even more caution than the corresponding plot from sterols (Fig. 5.2) when evaluating sources of or-... 

Fig. 5.31 Ternary plot of Mango s ring-preference parameters, showing depositional environment fields (after ten Haven 1996).

Fig. 5.48 Ternary plot of relative abundance ofC29, C30 and c31 17ct-hopanes (22S + 22R) in New Zealand coals (shaded area shows province of coal-sourced oils in Taranaki Basin after Killops et al. 1998).VR = vitrinite reflectance.

Figure 5. Ternary plot of CO2 provenance in arc-related volcanism (data from Table 11). L, S, and M represent limestone, sediment and mantle wedge respectively.

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