Terbufos toxicity

Wolfe MF, Kendall RJ. 1998. Age-dependent toxicity of terbufos and diazinon to European starlings (Stumis vulgaris) and red-winged blackbirds (Agelaiusphoeniceus). Environ Toxicol Chem 17 1300-1312. 

Chemicals degraded by WRF include pesticides such as organochlorines DDT and its very toxic metabolite DDE [8, 9] and organophosphate pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, fonofos and terbufos [10] polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) of different degrees of chlorine substitution [11-13], some even to mineralization [14, 15] diverse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in liquid media and from contaminated soils or in complex mixtures such as creosote [16-18] components of munition wastes including TNT and its metabolites DNT [19-23], nitroglycerin [24] and RDX [25]. 

Brecken-Folse.l.A.. Mayer. F.L.. Pedigo. L.E.. and Marking. L.L. Acute toxicity of 4-nitrophenol. 2.4-dinitrophenol.terbufos and trichlorfon to grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatosf as affected by salinity and temperature. Environ. ScL Technol, 13(l) 67-77.1994. 

Howe, G.E., Marking, L.L., Bills, T D., Rach, J.J., Mayer, Jr., F.L. (1994) Effects of water temperature and pH on toxicity of terbufos, trichlorfon, 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol to the amphipod Gammarus pseudolimnaeus and rainbow trout (Oncorhyn-chus mykiss). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 13, 51-66. 

Recovery of terbufos and toxic metabolites during 1987 and 1988 did not differ significantly among any insecticide treatment history (Table VII, VIII). 

This discrepancy can be attributed to the much lower recoveries during 1987 of parent terbufos (data not shown), which is more toxic than its metabolites (27-28). Root damage ratings were below the economic threshold of 3.0 in all treatments, and yields did not differ significantly from one another nor from the untreated check. 

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