Temperature reproducibility

Figure A2.5.18. Body-centred cubic arrangement of (3-brass (CiiZn) at low temperature showing two interpenetrating simple cubic superlattices, one all Cu, the other all Zn, and a single lattice of randomly distributed atoms at high temperature. Reproduced from Hildebrand J H and Scott R L 1950 The Solubility of Nonelectrolytes 3rd edn (New York Reinliold) p 342.

Figure 13.6. Variation of specific volume of PTFE with temperature. (Reproduced by permission of...

Fig. 42. AES depth profiles of copper and sulfur (top) and zinc and oxygen (bottom) for the brass-on-glass adhesion specimens as a function of curing temperature. Reproduced by permission of Gordon and Breach Science Publishers from Ref. [46].

Typical magnetoconductance data for the individual MWCNT are shown in Fig. 4. At low temperature, reproducible aperiodic fluctuations appear in the magnetoconduclance. The positions of the peaks and the valleys with respect to magnetic field are temperature independent. In Fig. 5, we present the temperature dependence of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the conductance fluctuations for three selected peaks (see Fig. 4) as well as the rms amplitude of the fluctuations, rms[AG]. It may be seen that the fiuctuations have constant amplitudes at low temperature, which decrease slowly with increasing temperature following a weak power law at higher temperature. The turnover in the temperature dependence of the conductance fluctuations occurs at a critical temperature Tc = 0.3 K which, in contrast to the values discussed above, is independent of the magnetic field. This behaviour was found to be consistent with a quantum transport effect of universal character, the universal conductance fluctuations (UCF) [25,26]. UCFs were previously observed in mesoscopic weakly disordered... 

Fig. 112. Pyroelectric coefficients of RbsNb3OFi8 and KsNbsOFw crystals in the temperature range around room/ambient temperature. Reproduced from [443], A. 1. Agulyansky, J. Ravez, R. Von Der Mtihll, A. Simon, Ferroelectrics 158 (1994) 139, Copyright 1994, with permission of Taylor Francis, Inc., http //www.routledge-ny.com.

Figure 15-19. Dark currenl versus voltage characteristics of the 1TO/MEH-PPV/ C(l /Au device at room temperature (reproduced by permission of the American Institute of Physics from Ref. [89]).

Fig. 5. Values of P2 ir for the 875 cm"1 band as a function of opt. samples drawn to a series of draw ratios at 80 °C. O samples drawn to draw ratio 4 1 at different temperatures. Reproduced from Journal of Polymer Science by permission of the publishers, John Wiley Sons Incs (C)...

Figure 3. Schematic illustration of the exact potential, the harmonic aporoximation V, and quasiharmonic approximations at lOOK, and 300K, for the torsional coordinate Q of trans butane. The anharmonicity of the exact potential results in the decreasing curvature of the quasiharmonic potentials with increasing temperature. (Reproduced from Ref. 30. Copyright 1984 American Chemical Society.)...

Figure 5. The molar fraction Xg of Pt in the topmost atomic layer of the alloy as a function of the bulk molar fraction of Pt-Xb. Curved full line the best fit through the experimental AES data for surfaces in vacuum. The shaded area indicates the range of the steady state molar fraction of Pt, estimated by using different growth-models for the carbon(aceous) layers, calculated for the topmost layer of Pt/Cu alloys in contact with ethene, at ambient temperature. (Reproduced with permission from Ref.34. North-Holland Publ.Co.)...

Figure 5.10 Normalized solid-state excitation (left) and emission (right) spectra of orange [Au2(dpim)2] " (solid line) and blue [Au2(dpim)2] " (dashed line), at room temperature. Reproduced with permission from [37]. Copyright (2003) American Chemical Society.

Figure 5.11 Emission and excitation spectra of [Au3(p-dpmp)2] (SCN)3 in degassed acetonitrile at room temperature. Reproduced with permission from [38]. Copyright (1993) Royal Society of Chemistry.

Figure 9.22 Comparison of polarization curves for the ORR on Pd monolayers on different substrates, and on Pd(lll) and Pt(lll), in O.IM HCIO4 solution sweep rate lOmV/s room temperature. (Reproduced with permission from Shao et al. [2006a].)...

Figure 4.3 Atomically resolved STM image (1.5 x 1.5 nm) of a clean Cu(110) surface (a) before and (b) after the formation of a fully developed (2 x 1) oxygen adlayer at room temperature. (Reproduced from Ref. 10).

Figure 5.8 Images observed during the adsorption of 02 on the CO-saturated RuO2(110) surface. Bright dots are CO-cus molecules along the <001 > direction dark sites in (a) are vacancies. The circle shows the development of a vacancy with time at an oxygen pressure of 2 x 10 8 Torr at room temperature. (Reproduced from Ref. 28).

Figure 9. Boron cross linking moiety depends on pH and temperature. (Reproduced with permission from ref. 35. Copyright 1976 Wiley and Sons.)...

Figure 2 Evolution of atomic organisation with increasing temperature. Reproduced from Mercier, Zambelli and Kurz [1], Elsevier (2002) with permission of Elsevier. Copyright Elsevier 2002.

Figure 13 Top, plot of linear growth rates of polyfethylene adipate) spherulites as a function of crystallization temperature for indicated molecular weight fractions. Spherulites shown correspond to the indicated range of temperatures. (A) Crystallization at the lower temperature range (B) at intermediate temperatures (C) crystallization at high temperatures. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [216]. Copyright 1956,...

Figure 3. 300 MHz 1H-NMR spectrum of a CClt solution of poly(5-methyl-l,4-hexadiene) prepared with a Et2AlCl/S-TiCls catalyst at 0°C in pentane solvent, ambient temperature. Reproduced, with permission from Ref. 13. Copyright 1979, American Institute of Physics.

FIGURE 8.2 Evolution of effective electron temperature T in H2 as a function of density-normalized time at different gas temperatures. Reproduced from La Verne and Mozumder (1984), with the permission of Elsevier . 

Fig. 6.1 Enantiomeric excess as a function of the difference in activation energy (AAG ) for an enantioselective process at different reaction temperatures. Reproduced with permission from [101].

Figure 9. Released heat versus treatment time for a 2.8 ton carload of hardboard. Above, as evaluated on 4 separate channels each of this carload. Below, as evaluated by the total heat balance of the treatment chamber. Nearly one hour was necessary to bring the carload to full temperature. (Reproduced with permission from ref. 10. Copyright 1989 De Gruyter.)...

Figure 7.14. The estimation of the Ce02 grain size calculated by Scherrer formula as a function of temperature. [Reproduced with permission from Ref. 110. Copyright 2006 Wiley-VCH.]...

FIG. 25 The distribution of water proton transverse relaxation times for a water-saturated, packed bed of potato starch granules at two temperatures [reproduced with permission from Tang et al. (2000)]. 

Figure 3.13 Scavenging of palladium using three different quantities of Si-Thiol scavenger. (Complex Pd(AcO)2 solvent tetrahydrofuran scavenger Si-Thiol initial concentration 1000 ppm room temperature.) (Reproduced from ref. 6, with permission.)...

Fig. 28. 2H NMR spectra of PBLG-d5 (a) and PBG-d5 (b) as a function of temperature. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier Science.

Figure 6. Dynamic mechanical damping of CE 339/1300 at low temperatures. (Reproduced from reference 8.)...

Figure 24. Effect of radiation fluence on thermal expansion of elastomer-toughened specimens during cool down from room temperature. (Reproduced from reference 19.)...

Fig. 9. Proton NMR spectra of Nd(3-MePyO)s 13 2 HjO in CDCI3 at different temperatures (reproduced from Ref. 152)...

Figure 67. Effect of coke particle size on the charge capacity at various temperatures. (Reproduced with permission from ref 513 (Figure 8). Copyright 2000 The Electrochemical Society.)...

Figure 5.1. Microscopic image of an emulsion initially composed of monodisperse droplets having a diameter of about 1.5 xm, which has been submitted to an osmotic stress of 0.6 atm for 15 days at room temperature. (Reproduced from [8], with permission.)...

Figure 5. Variable-temperature MCD spectra for dithionite-reduced Av and AvV at 4.5 T. Temperatures 1.64 K, 4.22 K, 15.0 K, and 120 K for /4vl 1.64 K, 4.22 K, 9.5 K., and 60 K for AvV. MCD intensity increasing with decreasing temperature. (Reproduced from ref. 8. Copyright 1987 American Chemical Society.)...

Fig. 7. Influence of the 1-alkyl group on the viscosity of the ionic liquids (a) [Cn-MIM]Tf2N and (b) [Cn-MIM]PF6 at room temperature. Reproduced with permission from Dzyuba and Bartsch (25).

Figure 1. PhIO oxidation of cyclooctene catalyzed by various sulfonated manganese porphyrin immobilized on methylated PVP, [Mn-porphyrin-S-PVPMe+][TsO-]. [MnTMPS-PVPMe+][TsO-] (O), [MnBrgTMPS-PVPMe+][TsO-] ( ), [MnTDCPPS-PVPMe+][TsO-] (1) and [MnCli2TMPS-PVPMe ][TsO ] (O). Conditions cyclooctene (150 imol), PhIO (750 jimol), Mn-porphyrin-S (2 jimol) immobilized on [PVPMe+][TsO-] (200 mg of PVP treated by TsOMe) in 3 mL of dichloromethane at room temperature. (Reproduced from ref. 12a. Copyright 1992 American Chemical Society.)...

R. Similar behavior is observed using very fast sweep rates at ambient temperature. Reproduced with permission from Ref 114. Copyright 1989 American Chemical Society. 

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