Tavener

D. J. Adams, P. J. Dyson, S. J. Tavener, Chemistry in Alternative Reaction Media, Wiley, Chichester, UK, 2004. 

Chemistry in Alternative Reaction Media D. Adams, P. Dyson and S. Tavener 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd ISBNs 0-471-49848-3 (Cloth) 0-471-49849-1 (Paper)... 

Chemistry in alternative reaction media / Dave Adams, Paul Dyson, and Stewart Tavener, p. cm. 

Solvents. 2. Solvation. 3. Chemical reactions. 4. Chemical kinetics. I. Adams, Dave (Dave J.) II. Dyson, Paul J. III. Tavener, Stewart. 

Shell higher olefin process (organic/organic) and the Ruhrchemie-Rhone Poulenc propene hydroformylation process (aqueous/organic). The diversity of the applications may confuse the newcomer but it is not easy to comprehend even by the more experienced. A guide to this field may help a lot, and this is why the book of Adams, Dyson and Tavener is most welcome. 

Another aspect not often accounted for when trying to establish what is green is the life cycle of a solvent. Each kilogram of solvent that is not recycled or reused must be replaced. The process by which solvents are manufactured also generates waste and greenhouse gas emissions and these add to the cumulative annual waste generation worldwide. A simple depiction of the life cycle of a solvent can be seen in Figure 3.1 as presented by Clark and Tavener [8]. 

Figure 3.1 Life cycle flow chart for solvent usage (adapted from Clark and Tavener) [8].

Clark, J.H., MacQuarrie, D.J. and Tavener, S.J. (2006) The application of modified mesoporous silicas in liquid phase catalysis. Dalton Trans., 4297. 

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