Target, targets categorization

K. Izzetoglu, G. Yurtsever, A. Bozkurt, B. Yazici, and S. Bunce. Nir spectroscopy measurements of cognitive load elicited by gkt and target categorization. In Proceedings of 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2002. 

The question of whether to target categorically or by need arises for orphans and vulnerable children as it does for the elderly. In terms of accuracy, categorical targeting to orphans or foster children will suffer from high errors of inclusion and exclusion. Deaths, especially from AIDS, are not concentrated among the poor, but rather are spread across the welfare distribution thus orphans and vulnerable children will be found in families at all income levels. Of course, many of the countries greatly affected by AIDS were poor already, so they have many very poor children who are not orphans or vulnerable children. 

Table 6. Target Organ Effects Categorized Under the Hazard Communication Act...

Major exhaust emissions from internal-combustion engines targeted by the EPA can be categorized into the following areas ... 

The major polyclonal antibody preparations used therapeutically are listed in Table 13.1. These may generally be categorized into one of several groups upon the basis of their target specificities. These groups include antibodies raised against ... 

This type of categorization, while convenient, might be misleading. It perhaps suggests that all chemicals having a common target produce the same type of toxic effect on that target. This is not the case, and we shall reveal several examples in the next chapter. 

There are several possible ways to categorize chemical toxicity. Perhaps the most common is by grouping chemicals according to the targets they can damage, and it is the approach followed here. 

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