System for predictive error analysis and reduction

In addition, the chapter will provide an overview of htunan reliability quantification techniques, and the relationship between these techniques and qualitative modeling. The chapter will also describe how human reliability is integrated into chemical process quantitative risk assessment (CPQRA). Both qualitative and quantitative techniques will be integrated within a framework called SPEAR (System for Predictive Error Analysis and Reduction). 

SYSTEM FOR PREDICTIVE ERROR ANALYSIS AND REDUCTION (SPEAR)... 

FIGURE 5.4. System for Predictive Error Analysis and Reduction. 

Taxonomy-based HEI techniques use external error mode (EEM) taxonomies to identify potential errors within complex sociotechnical systems. Typically, EEMs are considered for each component step in a particular task or scenario to determine credible errors that may arise during human-machine interaction. Techniques such as the Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) (Embrey, 1986), the Human Error Template (HET) (Stanton et al., 2006), the Technique for the Retrospective and Predictive Analysis of Cognitive Errors (TRACEr) (Shorrock and Kirwan, 2002), and the Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) (Hollnagel, 1998) all use domain-specific EEM taxonomies. Taxonomic approaches to HEI are typically the most successful in terms of sensitivity and are also the least expensive, quickest, and easiest to use however,... 

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