Synthesis of polymeric phosphonium salts

The most straightforward way to obtain polymeric phosphonium salts involves introducing the phosphonio groups on to a suitable polymeric structure, for example by reacting tertiary phosphines with a poly(chloromethylstyrene) (reaction 99). The polymeric phosphonium salts obtained in this way are mostly used as polymer-supported phase-transfer catalysts for nucleophilic substitutions reactions under triphase conditions. 

Another way to prepare polymeric phosphonium salts involves the radical-initiated polymerization of allylphosphonium salts377 or their copolymerization with methacrylates378. 

Finally, polyphosphonium salts with the phosphorus atoms as a part of the polymeric chain can be obtained starting from oxaphospholanes379 (reaction 100). 

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