Synthesis of Hydroxyalkyl Urethane Modifiers

SCHEME 4.5 The process of HUM preparation. (Reprinted from O. Figovsky, O. Birukov, L. Shapovalov, and A. Leykin, Hydroxyurethane Modifier as Effective Additive for Epoxy Matrix, Scientific Israel Technological Advantages 13, no. 4 (2011) 122-128. With permission.) 

The reaction was run at a stoichiometric ratio of cyclic carbonate and primary amine groups at ambient or elevated temperatures (up to 120°C). The process was controlled by infrared spectrometry until disappearance of the characteristic band at 1800 cm-1 (vc=0) of cyclic carbonate. 

It is possible to synthesize various hydroxyalkyl urethanes by changing the nature of the radicals R1, R2, and R3. 

Characteristics of the obtained modifiers are shown in Table 4.4. The properties of compositions based on various epoxy resins, hardeners, and modifiers are shown in Tables 4.5-4.8. 

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