Synthesis of 3-HP from Glucose

Pathway 1, containing lactate as a metabohc intermediate, is not thermodynam-icahy favorable because of the high free energy required for the reactions steps. Moreover, lactate, as an isomer of 3-HP, may cause difficulties in terms of the downstream recovery of 3-HP [27]. 

1 Pyruvate lactate lactoyl-CoA acryloyl CoA 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA 3HP 1/0 1-19.9 US7186541 B2 Cargill [27] 

4 Pyruvate L-alanine p-alanine p-alanyl- CoA acryloyl-CoA 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA 3-HP 1/0 +28.6 US7309597 B2 Cargill [28] 

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