Synthesis allenes from ethylene

Allenes from ethylene derivatiyes Synthesis with insertion of 1 C-atom One-step procedure Ring expansion... 

BoranelmethyllithiumIacetic acid Synthesis of terminal allenes from ethylene derivs. 

Catalysts. Silver and silver compounds are widely used in research and industry as catalysts for oxidation, reduction, and polymerization reactions. Silver nitrate has been reported as a catalyst for the preparation of propylene oxide (qv) from propylene (qv) (58), and silver acetate has been reported as being a suitable catalyst for the production of ethylene oxide (qv) from ethylene (qv) (59). The solubility of silver perchlorate in oiganic solvents makes it a possible catalyst for polymerization reactions, such as the production of butyl acrylate polymers in dimethylformamide (60) or the polymerization of methacrylamide (61). Similady, the solubility of silver tetrafluoroborate in oiganic solvents has enhanced its use in the synthesis of 3-pyrrolines by the cyclization of allenic amines (62). 

A general route to 6-substituted valerolactones (112) is by condensation between aldehydes and the dianion derived from butynoic acid followed by hydrogenation using Lindlar s catalyst.During the synthesis of some steroid derivatives, use has been made of an intramolecular Wadsworth-Emmonds procedure to construct an unsaturated valerolactone group (114) from phos-phonate (113) (c/. 3, 87). A new preparation of ( )-pestalotin (115) has as its pivotal step a Lewis acid-catalysed condensation between 2-benzyloxyhexanol and diketen. /3-Ethylenic valerolactones (116) can be obtained from the corresponding /3-allenic acids by treatment with methanolic boron trifluoride (c/. 3, 89). 

---