Synergistic gels

Nitta, Y., Kim, B. S., and Nishinari, K. 2003. Synergistic gel formation of xyloglucan/gellan mixtures as studied by rheology, DSC, and circular dichroism. Biomacromolecules 4 1654-1660. 

Synergistic gel formation with carob and guar gums Xonthon gum Synthetic meat gels... 

Less polysaccharide can also be used in products by taking advantage of the synergistic gelling of xanthan/galactomannan mixtures which forms thermoreversible gels at lower concentrations than if each is used separately. 

The expulsion of liquid from a gel as in the coagulation of latex, where the structure of rubber particles contracts and expels the serum. Synergistic... 

Xanthan gum dissolves in cold water. A 1% solution has a pH between 6.1 and 8.1. It normally functions as a thickener but combines synergistically with locust bean gum to produce a very cohesive and elastic gel. Xanthan gum is used in making gluten-free bread but it is one of the few substances that can be used as a substitute for gum tragacanth. 

Immediately after a report confirmed that the promoter for SEPSl was stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines, and also showed that this promoter was the target of the critical inflammatory regulator NF-kB. The data included direct binding of this transcription factor to the promoter region using gel mobility shift assays. However, the stimulation of the promoter by cytokines and activation of NF-kB did not result in synergistic production of the mRNA. The role that the cytokines or inflammation plays in regulation of expression of selenoprotein S is not yet clear. 

However, we have observed that values obtained with crude extracts were only qualitative. Often, they did not accurately estimate the quantities of the individual enzymes present. Inhibitors were typically present that caused the underestimation of certain enzymes ie.g., ligninases Table II) and that could potentially mask less dominant enzymes. Also, certain polysaccharidases e.g., hemicellulases) were often overestimated due to the action of non-specific or synergistic enzymes e.g., other hemicellulases or cellulases) (9,14), This artifact resulted in low apparent recovery of a given activity and only moderate increases in specific activity upon purification of the major corresponding enzyme present, in spite of the fact that SDS polyacrylamide gels indicated good recovery and substantial removal of contaminants (14),... 

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