Symbolic representation of structure elements

Similarly to the emergence of the need for symbolic writing of atoms and molecules in chemistiy, it became necessaiy to create a symbolic system for structure elements. This notation system should provide three types of information about an element  

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC) has advocated the use of Krdger s notation. Tables Al.l, A1.2, A1.3, A1.4 and A1.5 show all of the notations for the various types of stmcture elements, applied to the example of alumina. This is a dummy example, given as it gathers together all of the cases that will be met. 

We notice that a vacancy is denoted V. To prevent any confusion with the vanadium notation, which has the same symbol, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry suggests changing the symbol of vanadium and using Va when deahng with structure elements. 

With these notations we will be able to write reactions that involve stmctuie elements. 

In the same way that in chemistry, we see the need to symbolieally represent the atoms and molecules, it has become necessary to have a symbolie representation of the structure elements. This notation system must provide three types of information about an 

Note that a vacancy is denoted by the symbol V. In view of the possibility of confusion with the representation of vanadium, which has the same symbol, the lUPAC advocates that, where structure elements are involved, the symbol for vanadium is replaced by Va . 

Associations between structure elements are represented by indicating, in parentheses, the associated elements without their effective charge and, after the parenthesis, the effective charge of the whole thing. For example, the association, in alumina, of an aluminum ion vacancy and an oxygen ion vacancy is written as (v Vq). Note 

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