Surfaces Stranski-Krastanov mode

Some difference in condensation behaviour apparently occurs above and below 470 K. Below this temperature, the growth follows a layer-by-layer two-dimensional mode, while above it exhibits so-called Stranski— Krastanov characteristics in which an epitaxial mono- or multi-layer is first formed on the surface and three-dimensional crystals of the deposit then grow on top of (or from within) this layer. Clearly, when the number density of these crystals becomes high, the difference between the two growth modes is semantic and some workers take the viewpoint that all growth in this system follows the Stranski—Krastanov mode. 

The transition from the two-dimensional layer-by-layer growth (Frank-van der Merwe mode) to the formation of three-dimensional islands on top of the flat layer (Stranski-Krastanov mode) takes place when tcrit = 0. This gives a critical layer thickness for the onset of surface roughening... 

For multilayer coverage one can distinguish three growth modes island (Vol-mer-Weber), layer-plus-islands (Stranski-Krastanov), and layer-by-layer (Frank-van-der-Merwe) growth. Thermodynamic reasoning can be used to relate the surface energies r im, and to these different growth... 

Stranski-Krastanov growth mode 219 sub-micron channels 485 substituted oligothiophenes 474 substrates - passivation 442 substrates - Si02 substrate 429 surface... 

E. Gillet and B. Gruzza. Stranski-Krastanov Growth Mode of Au on Mo(llO) Surfaces Investigation by Auger Electron Spectroscopy. Surf. Sci. 97 553 (1980). 

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