Surface tension temperature

The dominant mechanism and transport path—or combinations thereof—depend upon material properties such as the diffusivity spectrum, surface tension, temperature, chemistry, and atmosphere. The dominant mechanism may also change as the microstructure evolves from one sintering stage to another. Sintering maps that indicate dominant kinetic mechanisms for different microstructural scales and environmental conditions are discussed in Section 16.3.5. 

Equation (7) is the general form of Gibbs s relation between surface tension, temperature, surface excesses, and chemical potentials for a system of any number of components, and if the surfaces are not very highly curved it holds good whatever convention is adopted for defining I, with any arbitrary position of the surface XY in the idealized system. 

Heat capacity, molar Heat capacity at constant pressure Heat capacity at constant volume Helmholtz energy Internal energy Isothermal compressibility Joule-Thomson coefficient Pressure, osmotic Pressure coefficient Specific heat capacity Surface tension Temperature Celsius... 

Loglio G., Ficalbi A., and Cini R. (1978) A new evaluation of the surface tension temperature coefficients for water. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 64, 198. 

TABLE 3.15 Surface Tension-Temperature Dependences of Surfactant Solutions in PTMG... 

TABLE 3.17 Surface Tension Temperature Dependences of KEP-2 Solutions in ODA... 

TABLE 3.25 Surface Tension Temperature Dependences in Systems Based on PPG-PTMG-KEP-2... 

Saturation ratio Critical supersaturation Surface tension Temperature Volume... 

There are two useful empirical relationships that have been derived that attempt to quantify the surface tension-temperature relationship. The Eotvos relationship, named after the Hungarian physicist Lorand (Roland) Eotvos (1848-1919), has the form... 

As seen, the results are inconsistent not only in respect of the surface tension-temperature-behaviour but also from the aspect of the absolute values at a given temperature. TABLE 1 also summarises the surface tension values of the most investigated nematogen 4-methoxybenzylidene-4 -butylaniiine (MBBA), published by different authors. Although nearly all the authors have given for their methods an absolute error of 1 - 1.5%, the difference in surface tension amounts to about 30%. Further data for other nematics are listed in TABLE 2. 

Element Surface tension at the melting temperature, (Tm (mN/m) Surface tension temperature coefficient, 3(7/3 r(mN/m/K)... 

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