Surface melting tension energy

We simply have to take into account that three interfacial tensions compete / snvt for the solid-vapor interface, f t for the liquid-vapor interface, and /j 1, for the solid-liquid interface. We have surface melting if /im - (/ini + /,ni) = A/ > 0. The effective free energy replacing eq. (263) is, for short range forces, being the melting temperature... 

B.B. Sauer, G.T. Dee, Surface tension and melt cohesive energy density of polymer melts including high melting and high glass transition polymers. Macromolecules 35(18), 7024-7030 (2002)... 

We noted in Section VII-2B that, given the set of surface tension values for various crystal planes, the Wulff theorem allowed the construction of fhe equilibrium or minimum firee energy shape. This concept may be applied in reverse small crystals will gradually take on their equilibrium shape upon annealing near their melting point and likewise, small air pockets in a crystal will form equilibrium-shaped voids. The latter phenomenon offers the possible advantage that adventitious contamination of the solid-air interface is less likely. 

Figure 6.7 Average grain boundary energy, y b, surface energy of crystals at 0 K, ysS, and surface tension of liquid Al, Ag, Au, Ni and Pt as a function of melting temperature 7W 2/3[8, 11],...

Theoretically, the energy, E, required to generate droplets from a liquid or melt can be roughly estimated by that needed to create the surface area of droplets, i.e., the product of the surface area of droplets and the surface tension of the liquid ... 

Zisman discovered that there is a critical surface tension characteristic of low-energy solids, such as plastics and waxes. Liquids ihat have a lower surface tension than the solid will spread on that solid, while liquids with a higher surface tension will not spread. Examples of critical surface tension values for plastic solids in dynes per cm are "Teflon/ 18 polyethylene, 31 polyethylene terephthalate, 43 and nylon, 42-46. As one indication of the way this information can be used in practical applications, one can consider the bonding of nylon to polyethylene. If nylon were applied as a melt to polyethylene, it would not wet the lower-energy polyethylene surface and adhesion would be poor. However, molten polyethylene would spread readily over solid nylon to provide a strong bond. 

Free surfaces of polymer liquids and melts attempt to minimize their free energy (and therefore surface tension) by placing those components of the molecule... 

The energy ( ,) to create a cavity can be approximately equated to 4 rr2cx, where cr represents the surface tensions between the fluid and a perfect rigid wall of the cavity and r denotes the radius of the cavity (e.g., Blander et al., 1959). Therefore, if the cavity creation is the dominant controlling factor in noble gas solubility, which is likely to be the case in common silicate melts, the Henry s law constant can be approximately given by... 

Here, v represents the surface tension of a smooth film, whereas r, and r2 are the principal radii of the formed hole. Suh (1983) has shown that for the case of a tellurium film, energy barrier to restore a planar surface is small and pit formation ensues for a melted textured surface. 

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