Sulphonamide Inhibition and Probable Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance to Sulphonamides

SULPHONAMIDE INHIBITION AND PROBABLE MECHANISMS OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO SULPHONAMIDES 

The coupling of dihydropteridinediphosphate and PABA to yield pteroic acid is catalyzed by an enzyme known as dihydropteroate synthetase, which is, in fact, inhibited by sulphanilamide. 

The crystalluria formation can be minimised by several ways first, by increasing the intake of water specifically during sulphonamide therapy secondly, alkalinization of the urine by administering 

(a) Explain how an azo-dye breaks down in vivo to yield sulphanilamide  

Classify sulphonamide on the basis of their site of action. Give the structure, chemical name and uses of one potent drug each class. 

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