Sulfur oxides and oxoacids

Discuss key features of Group 6A(16) compare the patterns in oxidation state, oxide acidity, and hydride and halide structures with those of Group 5A(15) and describe the sulfur oxides and oxoacids ( 14.7) (EPs 14.59-14.67)... 

Sulfur Oxides and Oxoacids Sulfur dioxide, SO2, is a colorless, toxic gas with a characteristic suffocating odor. Its presence in polluted air (from the burning of fossil fuels) is known to cause respiratory ailments. The SO2 molecule has a bent geometry with a bond angle of 119.5°, very close to that predicted by the VSEPR model (Figure 22.45). 

Reactions with sulfides, polysulfides, sulfur oxides and the oxoacids of sulfur are complex and the products depend markedly on reaction conditions (see also p. 745 for blue crystals in chamber acid). Some examples are ... 

Sulfur forms several oxides that in atmospheric chemistry are referred to collectively as SOx (read sox ). The most important oxides and oxoacids of sulfur are the dioxide and trioxide and the corresponding sulfurous and sulfuric acids. Sulfur burns in air to form sulfur dioxide, S02 (11), a colorless, choking, poisonous gas (recall Fig. C.1). About 7 X 1010 kg of sulfur dioxide is produced annually from the decomposition of vegetation and from volcanic emissions. In addition, approximately 1 X 1011 kg of naturally occurring hydrogen sulfide is oxidized each year to the dioxide by atmospheric oxygen ... 

Oxides and Oxoacids of Sulfur Sulfur dioxide (S02) and sulfur trioxide (S03) are the most important of the various oxides of sulfur. Sulfur dioxide, a colorless,... 

Structure and bonding in oxides and oxoacids of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, and chlorine... 

The chemistry of phosphorus and the heavier congeners is dominated by element to element (E-E) single bonds and, particularly in the case of phosphorus, the availability of l>d orbitals to form dir—pir double bonds with a variety of other atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, and even sulfur. Orbital participation results in expanded octets as found in compounds such as PF5, SbCl5, X3P=0 (where X=F, Cl, Br, I), the phosphorus oxoadds and oxoanions, and a class of compounds called the phosphazenes. We will take up many of these cases as we encounter them in the appropriate sections under our usual survey of the hydrides, oxides and oxoacids, and halides. For now, however, let s take a quick look at the phosphazenes, formerly called the phosphonitriles, that contain both N and P atoms in the same molecule. 

Structures of selected sulfur and selenium oxides and oxoacids. (o) the molecular structure of sulfur dioxide,... 

History. Some traditional names (a selection is in [Table M]) were introduced by Lavoisier. Under his System, oxoacids were ven a two word name, (he second word being acid. In the first word, the endings -ous or -ic were added to the stem of the name, intended to indicate the content of oxygen, which is known today to be related to the oxidation states of the central atom. Unfortunately, these endings do not describe the same oxidation states in different families of acids. Thus sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid refer to oxidation stales IV and VI. whereas chlorous acid and chloric acid refer to oxidation states 111 and V. 

Sulfur and selenium form typical acidic oxides, Ch02 and Ch03, which form oxoacids with water. The oxides are also redox-active. Sulfur dioxide acts as both an oxidant and a reductant selenium dioxide is an important oxidant in organic chemistry. 

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